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Cognitive theories of aggression
Aggression social learning theory
Gender difference in aggression
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More handpicked essays just for you.
Cognitive theories of aggression
Aggression social learning theory
Gender difference in aggression
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Recommended: Cognitive theories of aggression
The reconstruction during the early 1860’s and 1870’s caused different reactions throughout the United States. The first two articles seem to have a positive viewpoint of the reconstruction and the actions being taken to allow African Americans to vote and become literate and more educated. The third article, The Ordeal of Reconstruction, expresses extremely negative points throughout the article and is almost satisfied with the actions of the Ku Klux Klan. The final article Unfinished Revolution’s article is broken down into sections and informs the audience of the events which she detonates as formal and neutral. It is critical to be informed over this period due to the impacts it had on the country in later years.
First describe and then critique Sampson & Laub’s Age-Grade Theory. Our text (Schmalleger) explains Sampson’s and Laub’s age grade theory as one that make the assumption that the association among delinquent offenders and criminal behavior later along in life isn’t exclusively based on any one specific trait. It appears that Sampson’s and Laub’s age grade theory is broken down and based upon two (2) main factors or turning points. The first, employment and the second being marriage, in addition there are many other turning points that can occur with leaving home, examples given of those are having children, getting divorced, graduating from school, and receiving a financial windfall.
Twenty years ago Arnold Goldstein came up with the concept of, Aggression Replacement Training, also known as ART. Over the past two decades the concept of replacing violent, aggressive, or antisocial behavior with prosocial skills has been proven to be very effective. I have chosen to incorporate the same concept of replacing aggressive behavior, but I’d like to tailor it around aggressive juveniles, my program would be called, Juvenile Aggression Replacement and Education. The main goals of the program would be to teach juveniles how to control their emotions and violent out spurts, reduce aggression and violence amongst the juveniles in the program, teach juveniles “prosocial skills” that can replace the aggressive behavior, and reduce recidivism amongst juveniles with a past crime history and prevent any future crimes for the juveniles who do not have a criminal record.
There is no evidence that watching a gruesome, morbid scene in a horror movie will lead a person to commit similar acts in real life. The movie could be considered to be a small factor in what motivates someone to commit heinous crimes, but the connection is always very weak and these are people who had it in their minds before they even watched the movie. It is difficult to find any evidence that violent movies even cause long-term increases in aggression for adults or children. Research does show that, regarding video games specifically, violence or intense action does cause aggression in people to increase, but for a short amount of time after exposure to the video game violence. Using this information to analyze the behaviors of people after watching violent movies, short-term aggression is an expected reaction.
It is said that children who are mistreated by their parents and learned aggressive behaviors through social interaction went on to express these behaviors later in life and in their intimate relationships (Ehrensaft, Cohen, Brown, Smailes, Chen & Johnson, 2003). There is no doubt that witnessing and experiencing violence firsthand can increase one’s tolerance for violence and puts one at a greater risk for exhibiting the same behaviors as an adult. The intergenerational transmission of violence hypothesis also shows that childhood experiences from abuse or witnessing domestic
According to the article released by Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), males accounted for 74.59 percent of the over 12 million arrests in the United States (Federal Bureau of Investigation,2014). This disparities in crimes committed by the two genders is a trend that is seen worldwide. Although it was that female crime rates would come close to male crime rate as the two genders took similar responsibilities in society. Research shows that the social status of male and female criminal is basically the same, which means that there must be something that results in the disparity. Studies have linked masculinity to criminal behavior in males.
In the article “ The Developmental Impact of Child Abuse on Adulthood: Implications for Counselors,” Adultspan Journal explains the multiple effects of child abuse. The authors April Sikes and Dancia Hays explain how child abuse has an extremely negative effect on children as they transition into adulthood. These effects can be physical, social, and even mental. Being treated badly as a child increases the risks in social development. Some examples of this are substance abuse, criminal behavior, violence, and risky sexual behavior.
The first is whether abuse has deleterious effects. “In earlier studies, in which samples were nonrepresentative and family ecological factors (such as poverty, marital violence, and family instability) and child biological variables (such as early health problems and temperament) were ignored, findings have been ambiguous. Results from a prospective study of a representative sample of 309 children indicated that physical abuse is indeed a risk factor for later aggressive behavior even when the other ecological and biological factors are known. The second question concerns the processes by which antisocial development occurs in abused children. Abused children tended to acquire deviant patterns of processing social information, and these may mediate the development of aggressive behavior” (Dodge 1990).
Today, it is normal for modern technology to show many forms of violence. These acts of violence may influence children and teens to be more aggressive in everyday life. For example, I babysit a pair of twin boys. Their names are Devin and Gavin. Devin and Gavin like to play video games.
Developmental Theory is the opinion that criminality is a dynamic progression, and happens to be influenced by a combination of individual characteristics and social experiences. This theory attempts to offer an expanded vision of a criminal’s career timeline thus, covering its beginning, continuation, and conclusion. The connection between criminal activity, which began in childhood and continued into adulthood, is strong enough to demonstrate that criminality is a developmental and dynamic process known as Life Course theory. Even though these two methodologies have common features, the Life Course Theory studies the changes in the criminal’s offending pattern over their entire life, evaluating if there are specific conditions or events that
There are those who argue that it has long and short-term adverse impacts on the social lives on young children and adolescents while others declare that not all effects are detrimental. Therefore, the debate continues as more research is done on the issue. In spite of the many debates, there is sound evidence documenting the damaging effects of media violence on the society. It has been argued that, children who are exposed to violent media become aggressive and violent at some point in their life (Markey, Charlotte, and Juliana 293) Therefore, media violence has a severe effect on the lives of
Children who are physically punished more often tend to obey parents less with time, and to develop more aggressive behaviors, including toward other
Aggression is a spoken or physical behavior that causes intentional harm to a person. There are many different theories that argue what the cause of aggression is but this can be divided into two major types: people who think that aggression is inborn and those that view it as a learning behavior. The Social cognitive theory states that we learn behaviors through observation and modeling and this could be implied that we learn aggressive behaviors through observing and imitating others. The Social Cognitive theory claims that people learn behaviors from observation, modeling, and motivation such as positive reinforcement. Psychologists mention that people learn behaviors by imitating models through observational learning; as well as through
Participants included thirty school boys aged thirteen to sixteen. Half of the participants used had a lesser exposure to violent games compared to the other half who were exposed to violent games more
(sources used) i. Violence (criminal behavior) ii. Aggression iii. Mental