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Alfred Adler Annotated Bibliography

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Annotated Bibliography Alfred Adler: Short Biography and Explanation of Theories. (2017). Adler.edu. Retrieved 11 October 2017, from https://www.adler.edu/page/about/history/about-alfred-adler This article summarizes details from Adler’s life, to his theories and work, and his legacy. This is a great article to begin researching on Alfred Adler. It dedicates an entire part of the article to talking about how he began working in psychology. How he was invited to meet with Sigmund Freud and Rudolph Reitler, and they would meet regularly that then eventually grew to begin the psychoanalytic movement. Freud and Adler would work together often, Freud looking to Adler as one of his disciples. However, many of Adler’s concepts and views were very …show more content…

The writing goes into extensive detail on Adler’s life to detailed descriptions on his theories. For example, throughout the piece the professor explains what Adler’s “theory of inferiority” means. How from as early as the age of 5 we begin to start feeling inferior to the people around us. How children all wanting to grow up is an example of this concept. Being in school, doing tests and always comparing ourselves to the person next to us who got a grade better than yours. To being forced to play a sport and dreading which team would be stuck with you on their side. The professor goes into detail on how Adler took his theory to how children can feel inferior as a cause of the way they were raised. If they went through some sort of trauma or they were neglected as a child. He even went on to classifying these feelings of inferiority to the level of energy you have, which then relates to your level of social interest. The first type being the ruling type, from childhood they tend to be rather aggressive and dominant over others. According to their level of energy, the ones with a lot of energy are the ones that hurt others, including bullies. Other with low energy hurt others by hurting themselves, for example suicides. The second is the leaning type, they are often very protective of themselves. They have low energy levels and therefore become dependent. The third type is the avoiding type, they have the lowest levels of energy that they have no social interest at all. Often excluding themselves from society entirely and isolating themselves in their own world. And finally the fourth type being the socially useful type. This being the healthy person, with the most social interest and the most energy. Adler also looked into how birth order could potentially affect the idea of inferiority. How depending on your place you may develop what Adler called the superiority complex, the drive to surpass

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In this level is stage four, which is an authority and social-order-maintaining orientation. At this stage people do things based on rules that have already been set up or come from a place of high importance, for example, the government. Kohlberg said this was “...based on fixed rules, maintaining order and obeying authority” (2). He also said that there is “...a respect for rules [and] laws” (2). A person reflecting this stage will not make up rules to replace ones that already were there, or disobey rules that were already made to be followed.

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While using the covert role, both researchers began to feel guilty since they felt like they were betraying their participants each time they went home and wrote research notes. Their aggressively friendly postures also made them feel guilty since they were based on hidden ulterior motives; they did favors for people with the clear expectation that participants could only pay them back with research assistance. To the researchers, it felt like they were being taken for granted; the subjects were able to lie, borrow money without paying back, and take advantage of Adler and her husband. One ethical concern about this research is that it seems a bit inappropriate to me that Adler and her husband would engage in a study like this, but field research can provide us with a lot of information about deviant

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Stella Adler Stella Adler started working as an actor at the age of 18; she began her career in London. After spend a short year in London she returned to New York. She did a lot of traveling to South America, Europe, and all over the United States. She still wasn’t where she wanted to be though. She also worked for a short time with Constantin Stanislavsky, before joining her husband Harold Clurman in Group Theatre.

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In response on finding researching on how CIA described Albert Einstein, Pat Brown makes a small article looking over how Albert Einstein was described by CIA Psychics in the article “Albert Einstein, as described by CIA psychics”. In this article Brown allows the audience to come to their own conclusions on what to think about what the CIA put down for the famous Albert Einstein. For instance Albert was called “He looked like a hippie. He wore glasses and smoked a pipe. He made a fuss.

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After an examination of Erik Erikson and Daniel Levinson’s theories at first sight not much is alike, since the stages both differ, but digging deeper in Erikson's and Levinson’s theories have similar ideas in social development; after all, these two studies differ in the outcome. Erik erikson's theories have a greater underlining on child-adolescent development, he believes that early development of a child is the foundation and is the greatest impact on a person's identity and personality later on in life. Erikson presents the stages from childhood to adulthood, but in his theory the only significant development is during childhood, which is the problem, since an individual goes through life experiences throughout life they may have a great impact as an adult too. On the other hand Daniel Levinson’s theory signifies changes throughout all of life's experiences, from childhood to adulthood and continuing. Levinson’s theory believes that we adapt ad we let go of certain things as we move on in life and move from one stage to another.

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He explains the scientific principle of de-identification by saying “After we are born, we do whatever we can to attract the attention of our parents, determining what our strongest selling points are and marketing them ferociously. Someone's the funny one, someone's the pretty one, someone's the athlete, someone's the smart one (Kluger, Jeffrey. “The).” Every person in the family can claim at least one of these titles as a way to gain attention. Kluger goes on to explain that if two siblings claim the same title, the most attention that either of them can have is 50%, but if they choose different titles, they can both have 100% of the attention given to that topic.

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As a therapist it is important to know the different types of therapy and choose the ones that fit best with you. Adlerian Therapy is also known as Individual Psychology. This form of therapy is named after Alfred Adler. Adler believed that as humans we all strive for perfection and we push forward trying to make

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Childhood Experiences and Birth Order; Shaping Personality I cannot emphasize enough the love that I feel for my family, nevertheless, ignore the psychological processes and dynamics of my family birth order, and how it impacted my life even up to the present day. Birth order has a great deal to do with my personality and how I was approached by my siblings and my parents. Without a doubt, who I am today, how do I cope with conflict and even where I live in the present moment has a lot to do with my childhood as well. Alfred Adler, a contemporary of Freud and Jung, first put forth the idea, claiming that when a child is born their birth order deeply impacts their personality. According to Adler, the firstborns are achievers, perfectionist,

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Nor will I be choosing Freud or Jung, whose achievements are overshadowed for me by a basic lack of kindness that seems particular to those that inhabit the academic world. I can however, very much relate to Alfred Adler’s life. His experience of ill health, being written off academically due to poor maths skills, the importance of social connectedness and his role of teacher and counsellor have a comforting familiarity to me. Our perceived deficiencies can heavily influence what we become in life . ‘It is the feelings of inferiority, inadequacy and insecurity that determines the goal of an individual's existence.’

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In the article “Young Goodman Brown’s ‘evil purpose’: Hawthorne and the Jungian shadow,” written in 2005, the author D.J. Moores is writing towards an audience of people that care about psychology. His audience also includes people that have read the short story “Young Goodman Brown” and have thought about the changes in the main character's life and how it affected him psychologically. Moores is a credible author having written five books and many scholarly articles along with teaching ecstatic poetry at Kean University. Issue section: Moores is writing this article based on the Jungian theory, which is referring to an unconscious aspect of one’s personality that the unconscious ego doesn’t claim as itself.

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Introduction Sigmund Freud is the great theorist of the mysteries of the human mind and a founder of the psychoanalysis theory which was formed in the 1800s, the theory is well known for accessing self-identity and the self in different ways in order to discover their different meaning, (Elliott, 2015). Buss (2008) states that Sigmund’s theory of Psychoanalysis offers a unique controversial insight into how the human mind works in a way that, this theory provided a new approach to psychotherapy, thus it means that it provided a new treatment for psychological problems that even highly qualified doctors couldn’t even cure. (Buss, 2008) According to Cloninger (2013), Erik Erikson on the other hand is the founder of the psychoanalytic-social Perspective which is mostly referred to as psychosocial development theory, Erikson became interested in child development when he met Anna Freud and he trained in psychoanalysis and with his Montessori diploma, he become one of the most influential psychologist of the 20th century.

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He is known to be responsible for the origination of Modern Psychological School Of Thought known as “Individual Psychology”, which emphasized on veracity of Human Personality. .Alfred Adler’s individual psychology, focused more on environmental and societal factors to explain behavior (Frankl, 1997) In regard with physical disability, it focuses on Superiority, Inferiority, Compensation and lifestyle. “Striving for superiority” is fundamental of every individual’s life. In regard with physical disability, his assumption was that they strive harder to be superior when they become aware of life’s misfortune.

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Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development Many researchers have tried to revise after Freud 's psychoanalysis, to show the value associated with the process and I have to follow their development (Kail, Cavanaugh, 2004). The most prominent of the so-called ego psychology was Erik Erikson. As with other postfreydistov for Erickson the greatest importance was the self and its adaptive capacity in connection with the problem of the individual. However, this does not mean that he neglected his theory of biological or social factors (Kail, Cavanaugh, 2004).

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INTRODUCTION Berlin, 1929. The artist and writer George Sylvester Viereck has enchanted a meeting out of an at first reluctant superstar physicist. He asks: "How do you account for your discoveries? Through intuition or inspiration?" Albert Einstein replies: "Both.

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