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Kant’s categorical imperatives
Kant’s categorical imperatives
Kant’s categorical imperatives
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More handpicked essays just for you.
Kant’s categorical imperatives
Kant’s categorical imperatives
Kant’s categorical imperatives
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By failing to define the terms ‘fetus’ and ‘standard fetus’, he leaves open for interpretation not only the moral significance of the terms, but also their strength in relation to his argument. Marquis assumes that the fetus has a future that is just as valuable as that of an adult yet fails to grant the fetus the same moral status as an adult. This lack of consistency along with the falsity of his claims weakens his argument and leaves a large piece of the abortion question unanswered. Because many of his premises are false, I altered them to be correct which in turn resulted in an illogical sequence of evidence for Marquis’ original conclusion; rendering his argument invalid. After altering the conclusion to follow the revised premises, it only gave a suitable claim for some abortions, rather than the overwhelming majority of abortions.
Mary Anne Warren’s argument for the moral permissibility of abortion concentrates on the question of personhood and humanity with reference to a common anti-abortion argument and the discussion of potential personhood. Her argument builds on the belief that fetuses are not human beings and considers humanity through certain categories one must have in order to be considered a human person. Warren’s argument is logical, however, her argument is unsound because of a series of erroneous premises. Thus, because these premises are erroneous, an Aristotelian-type argument can be constructed that properly discusses potential persons and argues against Warren, thus aruging for the moral impermissibility of abortion.
Externally bestowed Worth: can obtain only when the undeveloped human is wanted and loved by others. Social Visibility and Interaction: Gain only when the undeveloped human ‘can interact, and communicate with others.” John T. Noonan then rejects these four ways considering each to be flawed. Stating objection on the grounds that the undeveloped human, “have a high probability of developing their capacity for autonomy-a power that morally sets humans apart from beasts…therefor abortions sought for reasons other than to save a mother’s life should be condemned as cruel and selfish.”
Is Suicide Selfish? In Harry Browne’s article “The Unselfishness Trap,” he talks about putting other’s joy over your own and whether that is considered egotistical or not. This led me to consider the question: would suicide be considered selfish? I believe that suicide would be selfish because there is so much pain that it would bring to the family, friends, and community.
Abigail Turra 3425702 In “Markets in Women’s Reproductive Labor,” Stanford professor and philosopher Debra Satz questions the morality of contract pregnancy through the lens of the Asymmetry Thesis. The Asymmetry thesis is the idea that reproductive labor should be considered differently than other types of labor in a capitalist economy. While Satz upholds this theory, and the idea that contract pregnancies are morally wrong, she finds that most reasons supporting the theory are invalid, and provides “better” support for the theory. In this essay, I will argue that contract pregnancy is not inherently morally incorrect and acknowledge some validity in the degradation hypothesis.
Document One Essay Why can’t the human nature accept one another ? If a person is suffering they wanted the others to be affected by their suffering. It is part of the human nature. The human nature is selfish and injustice to one another. Walter Rauschenbusch and Pope Pius X. points out human nature as corrupt, greedy, and spread of errors to the society.
Ever thought about consuming a one-year-old baby with nice plump features? Most people will not consider such an immoral act; however, desperate times may force people to make difficult choices. This is the case in Dublin, Ireland in the late 1720’s. The attainment of human rights in the fullest sense cannot be achieved so long as hundreds of millions of poverty-stricken people lack the necessities of life. As a call to reform, Jonathan Swift wrote “A Modest Proposal.”
Part I – Sarah’s Argument The moral theory that I choose for Sarah is contractarianism. Contractarianism, which has its roots in Hobbes’ line of social contract thought, views morality as being based on contract or agreement. This moral theory states that people are self-interested, and f ollowers of this theory consider that moral norms are determined by a maximization of joint interest, and consent to the beliefs of the society. Contractarianism argues that people are motivated to accept morality because they are vulnerable to the depredations of others and because they are deemed to benefit from cooperating with others.
At first glance, one would consider the desires of the Ayala family heroic, but however, each decision incorporates various moral issues which must be considered. Mary and Abraham Ayala’s plan to save their daughter’s life by conceiving a child to be a potential donor is a complicated issue to examine. When attempting to consider moral dilemmas, one must understand the effects decisions may have on human flourishing and human dignity. Human flourishing, the capacity to attain self-actualization and fulfillment in society, and human dignity, the inherent rights to be valued and treated ethically, propel each moral issue into consideration. The problems the Ayalas face stem from the desire of Anissa’s parents to help Anissa achieve full human
Throughout criminal history, there have been various attempts to justify murder. In a widely controversial case, two English seamen, Dudley and Stephens, killed an innocent and helpless boy and subsequently devoured his body to preserve their own lives (“The Crown versus Dudley and Stephens”). This case raises an important moral issue: Is it morally right to kill an innocent person out of necessity for one’s own survival? Three moral theories – Mill’s Utilitarianism, Aquinas’ Natural Law Theory and Kant’s Deontological Theory – provide different arguments on the morality of Dudley and Stephen’s action. However, Kant’s Deontological Theory offers the most well-founded analysis because it absolutely precludes necessity as a reason for murder and cannibalism.
Otto Adolf Eichmann was one of the most important members of the Nazi Party who was accused of crimes against the Jewish people and humanity during World War 2. After the war, he went to Argentina to escape prosecution but was captured there by Israeli agents and was transferred to Israel to be judged. During the trial, Eichmann’s defense was based on Kant’s duty-based ethical theory and categorical Imperative since he overstated many times that he was only following orders. By enouncing Kantian ethical theory, Eichmann acquitted himself from moral guilt. Kant’s categorical imperative as known as The Formula Of The End
The debate whether abortion is morally permissible or not permissible is commonly discussed between the considerations of the status of a fetus and ones virtue theory. A widely recognized theory of pro-choice advocates can be thought to be that their ethical view is that fetus’s merely are not humans because they lack the right to life since they believe a fetus does not obtain any sort of mental functions or capability of feelings. Although this may be true in some cases it is not in all so explaining the wrongness of killing, between the common debates whether a fetus does or does not obtain human hood, should be illustrated in a way of a virtuous theory. The wrongness of killing is explained by what the person or fetus is deprived of, such as their right to life; not by means of a heart beat or function of one’s body, but by the fact that it takes their ability of potentially growing into a person to have the same human characteristics as we do.
In addition, he believes that “we just have to check that the act we have in mind will not use anyone as a mere means, and, if possible, that it will treat other persons as ends in themselves” (O’Neil, 2008, p. 113). This principle acts as a moral code implying that one should never treat a person merely as a means to an end. Overall, Kantian ethics focuses and recognizes the importance of the value of humanity. His categorical imperative ultimately leads to a “kingdom of ends,” in which norms that deny the value of humanity are not permitted. In my opinion, it would be difficult to disagree because most individuals value their own life.
When France fell under the Nazi occupation, Andre and Magda Trocme did all in their power to save Jewish people from the vicious hands of the Nazis. As the Pastor of a town, Andre encouraged the people to give shelter for Jewish refugees. Even when the Vichy authorities order him to provide a list of the Jews in the town, he refused and said: "We do not know what a Jew is. We only know human beings" (Hallie, 1979, p.103). Was his lie just?
What are the measures for being a human being? Is there any morally relevant break along the biological process of development from the unicellular zygote to birth? In this essay I will discuss why physician should recommend prenatal testing for severe birth defect even if it might encourages abortion therefore I do not agree with the statement above. My argument will based on the following ethical principles and theories: Utilitarianism, Respect for Autonomy and Virtue Firstly I will introduce what each of these ethical theories and principles mean and their implication on this argument. Utilitarianism “Act utilitarianism is solely concerned with achieving the maximum good.