The cities of the old world such as the cities of Mesoamerica and the cities of the far east and the cities in Africa all had similar traits and they have their own unique traits as well that made them unique in own right and helped these early cities lay the foundation for the modern cities we inhabit in the present day.
The early cities all had their own set up and design the Architecture was dependent on the culture, the religion of the empire or city and most importantly on the rulers or kings of the time. Some of the early cities such as Uruk in Mesopotamia, the early city to be recorded in the world according to the functionality of the city. Uruk was a city that was completely surrounded by walls because of the constant threat of war from neighboring cities and their kings trying to expand and grow their own empire so the people of Uruk migrated from the rural areas to the urban city to seek protection and refuge from the wars that occurred.
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All of these major cities were built with a religious purpose to entice or appeal the god which the people of the city worshipped, the city of Bayon and Angkor Wat were designed after the universe with the central most extravagant tower being the middle point in the universe where all the gods would stay know as Mount Meru as well as the pyramid temples found in Mesoamerica that were for ceremonies and other important religious rituals that would take place in the empire. Furthermore, the capital cities were home mainly to the officials and the rulers of the time and this was the same across all of the major cities. Furthermore, the major capitals of these empires always received a huge amount of planning and architectural planning and the designs are intricate however the areas surrounding these capitals often have much less planning and seem not to have the same planning effort put into