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Contribution and significances of virtue ethics
Argue virtue ethics
Contributions and significance of virtue ethics
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Within this film, they illustrate many problems with the current medical system, mostly to do with rules and regulations that restrict patient care. What the film lacks is an actual analysis of why these problems deprive patients of better care and, also, solutions to these problems. One of the most prevalent problems throughout the film, that stuck out to me, was the amount of
Regulation and Race, Consumers and Producers in Post War America Lizabeth Cohen’s A Consumers’ Republic. Caleb Chou-Green United States Economy & Globalization Professor Greason Macalester College 29th February, 2024. A Consumers Republic, The Politics of Mass Consumption in Postwar America is an economics and history book by Harvard professor Lizabeth Cohen. The book goes into detail about the origins of consumerism in the booming American economy after the War. Cohen explores the rise of consumer culture in the United States after World War II and its profound impact on American society, economy, and politics.
On the contrary with Aristotle, right off the bat he says that most people will not reach true happiness. When one knows off the top that they will not accomplish something, one of two things will happen. They will either give up or they will push or work even harder. The question then changes for Aristotle from what is happiness, to will enough people challenge themselves enough to reach for the impossible? It is those people that push themselves harder that will reach true happiness.
These other values include the survival of the community and/or the well-being of the individual, the ability to understand the full impact of the truth, and restoring a patient’s autonomy. Despite trumping the value of truth, the previous values are only temporary and should be played only under certain conditions. Thomasma writes that because the goal of healthcare is to provide help for an illness and causing no
The ethical principle of utilitarianism should be applied. Utilitarianism is maximizing the happiness, good, or moral consequences of one’s decisions and actions. Utilitarianism in healthcare is to produce the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Butts & Rich,
They must ensure that they are providing adequate services to patients and at the same time ensuring that insurance companies are getting paid (Saint Joseph’s University, 2011, Para 6). Along with that they must secure that they are getting paid. Furthermore, physician moral and ethics are challenged as well; Thus, causing them to rethink how they take on their responsibilities as a medical care provider by trying to keep patients best interest, insurance companies interest and their own interests. This conflict with trying to meet the needs of several different stakeholders causes strain on the physician because they must walk fine line to please each. While trying to please a specific stakeholder another holder could be compromised.
Virtuous physicians always asses the decision making capacity and the competence of their patients to make sure they have adequate capacity to make their own decisions, especially for patients who refuse specific treatment, have mental illness, or have specific factors that impair their ability to make decision( _1). What make a patient competent to make a decision? , and do depressed people lose their competence and their decisional capacity? . Depression is a common side effect of cancer (2), and cancer treatment require a lot of important decisions that patients need to make which are very significant in determining their future, and respecting patient will is fundamental in term of autonomy, but what if the patient refuse the treatment, if the doctor consider him as non-autonomous he also will think about his duty in non-maleficence and about his responsibility in supporting and respecting patient wishes.
The Hippocratic medicine model focuses on the physician-patient encounter and establishes a fiduciary relationship between them. This model states that a physician must act in the patient’s best interest and cannot consider social cost, the impact on other members of society, or the healthcare budget when allocating resources. Balancing rights is not a legitimate concern for the physician, and cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness considerations must be abandoned. The issue for the physician is not how to allocate resources fairly but how to acquire the resources needed to fulfill the patient's fiduciary duty of care. Ultimately, the resolution to resource scarcity will have to occur in terms of professional power and persuasiveness rather than allocation ethics (Kluge, 2007).
In the case of Donald (Dax) Cowart, one can determine that the conflict is between Beneficence and Autonomy. The doctors were morally right in choosing to treat Donald despite his autonomy by using the principle of beneficence. Firstly, doctors entire training is about how to save lives, so in a sense it is something they are morally obligated to do. Patients go to hospital in the hopes of being treated.
“One who asks law to rule, therefore, is held to be asking god and intellect alone to rule, while one who asks man adds the beast” (114). In The Politics, Aristotle addresses the issue of how difficult it is to implement good laws. This predicament, however, did not suddenly arise yesterday; rather, humans have always grappled with enacting the best laws conducive to a successful human experience. At the same time though, there are limits, especially because humans are only finite creatures. Therefore, after outlining Aristotle’s critique of Plato’s Republic, I argue that Aristotle hopes for cities and laws to achieve peace and work for the good of its citizens.
Aristotle, on the other hand, had a much more positive outlook on the applicability of his political theory. In many ways, his ideal ideology would look much like Plato’s, although with a more guided and empirical approach. Aristotle, like Plato, argued that the state was not only necessary, but essential to the happiness of its people, because the state was the only means by which the city could achieve happiness. According to Aristotle, “the best good is apparently something complete” and likewise, that “happiness more than anything else seems complete without qualification” (Nicomachean Ethics, 205) and “everyone aims at living well and at happiness” (Politics, 315). Furthermore, he argued that “happiness is an activity of the soul expressing
I believe the most compelling reasons to give patients maximum autonomy over decisions regarding their care is because patients should have self-ownership over their own body, and the quality of life. may seem dependent on the patient’s interest over the physician’s decision. The definition of patient autonomy is to have personal freedom of one 's decision that is free from both controlling interferences by others and from personal limitations that prevent meaningful choice. While on the other hand, a physician’s duty of “beneficence” is the hippocratic oath in which action that is done for the benefit of others such as help prevent or remove harms or to simply improve the situation of others. I believe patient autonomy over weighs prioritization over the medical professional’s duty due to the fact the main concern overall is over the patient’s health.
Various philosophers and scientists have inquired about the mind and body issue for a long time. The mind-body philosophies try to explain the way a person’s mental state and processes are linked to the physical state. The core of the mind and body is that individuals have a biased experience of an inner life that appears detached from the physical world. Although they are separated, they need to work together in some way. Individuals may appear to have physical properties and mental properties.
Ethical Complexity of Distribute Justice and Rationing Medicine is a practice based on moral standards applied to clinical values and judgments, also known as medical ethics. Ethical values consists of beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy and justice. However, these ethical principles are affected when distributive justice and rationing of health care resources are implemented “…in a world in which need is boundless but resources are not…” (Scheunemann & White, 2011, p. 1630). The historic Hippocratic Oath described the four main principles of medical practice and established a moral conduct for clinicians. Beneficence demands that health care providers develop and maintain skills and knowledge, consider individual circumstances of all patients, and strive for the patient’s benefit.
Aristotles starting point is with the highest good. It is the ultimate end goal. The highest human good is always worth pursuing in its own right. It is an activity that is an end in itself. This conception allows him to isolate two features of what he determines the ‘end goal’ or ‘final purpose’.
