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Assignment 1: How The Environment Shaped Native American Culture

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1. The environment shaped Native American cultures and civilizations because the first Americans adapted to the land and evolved into hundreds of tribes, spoke different languages, and practiced different cultures. Because of this most of the cultures were based off nature and cultivation. The cultivation helped with trade and also helped feed the growing population. Along with the different cultures and languages, the language barrier helped develop their way of life.
2. Maize cultivation was a slow spread northward from Mexico, which caused the native societies to be smaller and less sophisticated. Although the maize cultivation was a slow spreading process, the maize was used for trade. The maize would be traded to help the higher population densities. Along with …show more content…

Native populations rapidly decreased after 1492 because of disease, enslavement, and war. When the Europeans traveled to the New World they brought diseases with them that caused many deaths. Also the Europeans wanted slaves to work for them so they didn’t have to do anything by themselves. War began to break out because of the many deaths happening. The most important cause of the decline was disease because it caused the most deaths and also one people were noticing the diseases they would move around trying to avoid it, but only to make it worse by infecting more people.
8. The encomienda system allowed the government to give Indians to certain colonists and that effected Native American populations. This system is essentially slavery, which the Indians didn’t like. The opponents were the Indians. And the supporters were the government and the Christians.
9. Being in groups was the effect of the rigid caste system by the Spanish in the Americas. These groups were based off of your family. For example the more money your family had the higher you were place. And same if you had little to no money, you were placed lower in the system. The higher your family was, the better you were

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This is why the numbers went down so drastically. Secondly, while the Native Americans were dealing with a decrease in population. They were also dealing with diseases. According to The Washington Post, “The Native Americans brought over measles.”

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After the Civil War ended many people were in hope of finding land since population was increasing. Since the West was underdeveloped and uncivilized, many decided to expand the land. First the Louisiana Purchase increased the opportunity of expansion. Then industrialization and the Homestead Act also caused many companies encouraged to move West due to the low cost of land and that the transportation was provided through the railroads. In order to complete such goals, something had to be done with the Natives since it conflicted with their home area.

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In the Pre-Columbian Mesoamerican time period in history, there were many groups of Native Americans that had diverse cultures and societies. The technological and intellectual advancements in these societies, depended on where they were located in Mesoamerica. The Native Americans discovered many things that could help them live an advanced and satisfying life. Each tribe had different necessities and objects that they needed in order to survive. The Native American cultures in these areas had various developments that the different European cultures could use to make themselves more powerful and become strong enough to annihilate many of the Native American cultures.

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Prior to the discovery of the New World by Europeans, Native Americans populated what is presently North and South America in massive numbers; however, due to massive population loss, mainly caused by diseases introduced by Europeans and Africans, the Native Americans were unfortunately forced to live as inferiors to the Europeans. A major issue that faced native populations of the New World was the fact that the Europeans introduced foreign animals that carried diseases the natives had never seen before. Specifically in Mexico and Peru, the natives had alpacas and llamas in small and isolated groups, so diseases were not able to originate in them [McNeil 178]. On the other hand, the animals that the Europeans brought over, such as cattle,

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Native Americans were greatly affected by the expansion of the United States during the 1800s. As the U.S. moved west, they stole large amounts of Native American land by settling the land and killing the Natives who once lived there. Also during this time, their culture was being taken from them due to assimilation. While United States citizens were expanding into the west, many Native American lives were lost. They were also responsible for destroying a major food and supply source for Native Americans.

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Before the Spanish ship that changed it all, which arrived in the “New World” in 1492, thriving organized communities of native people had centuries of history on the land. That ship, skippered by Christopher Columbus, altered the course of both Native American and European history. 1492 sparked the fire of cultural diffusion in the New World which profoundly impacted the Native American peoples and the European settlers. Prior to European contact, Native Americans lived as hunter-gatherers, living and traveling in groups of typically less than 300 people. These Native Americans spoke over 400 languages and practiced a myriad of different religions (The American Pageant).

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Ownership of land was the concept of private property that one person or group owned permanent, absolute control of a part of land. This was difficult to understand for many Native Americans because they have practiced a communistic land system for a long period of time. Land was not a product, perceptible, or an inert item that could be sized and sold. The Native Americans never established a structure or civilization of personal land ownership. Their land was not possessed by people and instead belonged to the community as a whole.

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Their beliefs were rejected by the white-american culture which made it difficult to assimilate or control the tribes by the United States. The U.S. was trying to convert the plains tribes from hunter-gatherers to farmers in the the European-American tradition. Native Americans tends to focus around nature. Their religion includes a number of practices,ceremonies and traditions. Their religion ceremonies included feasts, music, dances, and other performances.

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