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Bileaflet Valve Research Paper

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The first bileaflet valves were introduced in 1978. The bileaflet valve is one of the most impactful biomedical discoveries of the past 30 years. One of the main reasons why bileaflet valves were developed was to prevent calcification that was prevalent in the previous mechanical valves. Calcification occurs when calcium deposits stick to the valve flaps which hinders the movement of the valve and the ability to allow fluid to move back in the atrium or ventricle that it originally came from. The structure of the bileaflet heart valve is fairly simple. It is composed of a suture ring that attaches to heart tissue after the hold valve is removed. There are two leaflets that attach to the outer circle and move through their pivots. Both the circle and leaflets are made up of carbon as well as tungsten which is used in the leaflets. The bileaflet works simply by using two semicircle panels that turn on the pivots to open and close the valve. When the bileaflet valve opens the blood flows through in three sections. This means that the velocity of the blood flowing into the other chamber will be different depending on which part of the heart valve the blood originally comes through. The blood comes in at a rate of 2.2 …show more content…

Because of this the blood goes in through three different streams and then later meets up, which causes stress for the heart. A lot of stress on an already weak heart can cause major damage and possibly kill the patient. The heart can only withstand a certain amount of velocity of blood or else it will deteriorate the tissue causing the heart to start losing its function. The tissue of the left ventricle is very thick which allows it to take the pressure of the blood and to push blood to the rest of the body, but the right ventricle is not made to withstand high pressure or high velocity, meaning that problems would

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TAVI is an invasive procedure to aortic valve. In this invasive surgery a new valve that is a stainless steel tube with biological materials of cows, is inserted through a balloon catheter to the heart. This procedure can be done with local or general anaesthetic. This new valve insertion can be done with two common ways. Firstly is the transfemoral, which means through the femoral artery or second common way is the transapical way that is through a small cut to the left side to the chest.

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Generate: Heart auscultation is useful in characterizing heart sounds and identifying abnormalities that may suggest cardiac dysfunction.1 The fourth heart sound (S4 atrial gallop), heard during the patient’s physical examination, is often an abnormal finding due to reduction in ventricular wall compliance.1,2 Additionally, S4 occurs due to rapid deceleration of active blood flow due to a nondistensible ventricle.2 S4 can be heard in patients with hypertension, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and acute myocardial infarction (AMI).1,2

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Normally blood entering the right side of the heart stays on the right side (this is low-oxygen blood), and blood on the left side of the heart stays on the left side (this is oxygen-rich blood) which is then pumped to the rest of the body. But in this particular condition when a defect or "hole" is present between the ventricles (or lower chambers), blood from the left side of the heart is forced through the defect to the right side every time the heart beats. It then goes back to the lungs even though it is already rich in oxygen. Because of this, blood that is not yet oxygen-rich can 't get to the lungs. The most common signs and symptoms are trouble eating and gaining weight, breathlessness and easy fatigability in

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