Joey Erberich GEOS 109 September 28, 2014 Lab Report #2 The Sun, Size-Wise The sun is the largest star in our solar system, and also the largest object all together. It is basically a huge ball of highly magnetic plasma that was formed 4.6 billion years ago. The sun provides the warmth needed for the earth, and holds a core temperature of 15.7 million kelvin.
Located 12.2 billion lightyears away, the Baby Boom Galaxy was discovered by the Spitzer Science Center at the California Institute of Technology. The Baby Boom galaxy is not only a starburst galaxy, but it is known for being the world record holder for brightest starburst galaxy in the distant universe. Brightness is the measure of its extreme star formation rate. Nicknamed “the extreme stellar machine,” the galaxy produces stars at a measured rate of up to 4,000 stars per year, or one every 2.2 hours. Compared to the Milky Way Galaxy, where the Earth is located, which produces 10 stars per year on average.
In addition, the white dwarfs mystery was stated in the book by numerous scientists such as Chandrasekhar and Fowler. About the mystery of the white dwarfs, the book states that by consolidating the registered circles with spectrographic information and the stars' adjacent area, it was discovered that the brighter part was a "white diminutive person," the exceptionally packed leftover of a star that has fallen in the wake of debilitating its atomic fuel. The fainter part is a "red diminutive person," a low-glow, low-mass star that will weakly sparkle for many billions of years. While red small stars might be the most pervasive kinds of "ordinary" stars in the universe, white small stars are nearly uncommon. It was likewise the main white, small star to have its mass dictated by measuring its gravitational redshift, a normal for extremely thick questions that contribute to the understanding of what a black hole is.
Brief introduction (Why do you want to do this research? Why does this topic matter to you? What do you already know about it?) Man has been interested in the evolution of the sky, stars, planets and other heavenly bodies for over decades. Humans have worshiped these heavenly bodies for centuries and many have
Recently astronomers at Liverpool John Moores University’s Astrophysics program have discovered a group of nitrogen rich star near the center of the Milky Way galaxy. Liverpool John Moores University is a member of an international collaboration of scientists called Sloan Digital Sky Survey. One of the projects lead by this organization called APOGEE, which stands for the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment, collects infrared data for thousands of stars across the Milky Way galaxy. It was through this infrared data collection that the astronomers discovered a peculiar group of stars. The discovery of these stars has given us new clues as to how the globular clusters, which are areas of densely concentrated stars that were
Let’s begin with learning about what stars are made of. All stars are basically huge exploding sphere of gas, which are mainly helium and hydrogen. This lead me to think that since they are sphere’s of gas, gas is made of a compound chemical known as Methane. Methane is a flammable gas which can explode. Knowing that the star contains this flammable gas that can explode answers the question of one possible
The Study of Magnetars and Pulsars The universe has stars including neutron stars, black or white dwarfs, blue or red giants and super giants and many more, which all vary in magnetic fields strength. One of the more interesting types of stars is the neutron stars. They are stars that have the core of a large star that has collapsed, that were formed as a result of an supernovae explosion. Two main types of neutron stars are magnetars, a type of neutron star with a high and extremely strong magnetic field, and pulsars, which is another type of neutron star that gives out radiation that fall through Earth’s sight.
So, the most massive stars detonate as supernovae, and can explode or collapse into black holes. If they’re less massive, like our Sun, they blast away their outer layers and then slowly cool down as white dwarfs. But for stars between 1.4 and 3.2 times the mass of the Sun, they may still become supernovae, but they just don’t have enough mass to make a black hole. These medium mass objects end their lives as neutron stars, and some of these can become pulsars or magnetars. When these stars collapse, they maintain their angular momentum.
(Garner, 2015) Foley first thought that the young stars had settled into their "final resting spots". So he sent out to determine how fast the stars were traveling before the explosion took place. What he discovered was that they moved at about the same speed as stars that have been tossed out of our Milky Way central black hole, at more than 7 million kilometers an hour. So Foley turned his attention to the aging galaxies in the area of the speeding supernovae confirming that many are massive elliptical galaxies that were merging or had recently merged with other galaxies.
The process of stellar evolution begins with the formation of the star. It starts as a cloud of gas and dust. This is critical because the chemicals and amount of stuff in the cloud will determine the entire life of the star it’ s creating. The density will increase because of its gravity and its spin will become more dramatic. Then little tornados (well tornado like things) will form in the cloud.
The pressure and temperature in a star’s core are so high that a hydrogen atom fuse together to make helium. White dwarves fuse hydrogen into helium, and as a result, hydrogen fusion gives out tremendous amounts of energy which affects the heat and light of a star.
Cosmic H-1 clouds is where the black hole formation process begins (1p59) Then gravity takes over slowly pulling the unstable cloud together. Once stellar equilibrium is achieved, where the interior pressure of the gas cloud equals the force of gravity, a star is born (1p53) For smaller stars like our sun and smaller, made of hydrogen atoms, they cool off once all the hydrogen is gone. Their pressure decreases as they expand turning into red giants. To stay in equilibrium, the star becomes very dense, essentially turning into a whit dwarf star.
13.8 billion Years ago the big bang occurred, forming the universe we live in now (assuming it did.) It created with all the galaxies, the unchangeable laws of physics that rules the universe, which keeps everything in order, and the big bang (the explosion) caused the distance between galaxies to keep on increasing, therefor they will never collide, which can also be viewed as order. When we look at the stars, we will find that there are two types of energy that form a single star, which are the gravity that pull the star together, and the powerful explosions that expands it. The moment the star lose the balance between these two will be the beginning of its end. If we zoom in into our solar system, we will find an
For generations, civilizations have looked to the stars for multiple reasons. Whether it was for navigation, advice, time, or even for religious purposes, the sky has shaped many aspects of humans’ lives, both in the past and the present. Astronomy has always played a significant role in regards to answering so many of the unanswered questions. By closely observing and documenting the movement of the sun, moon and stars, ancient civilizations were able to expand their knowledge and expertise in astronomy, which ultimately resulted in the rise of our modern day civilizations. Through predictions and careful observations, ancient civilizations had an impressive comprehension on the future, and what would come of it.
The combined apparent visual magnitude of the pair is +2.9 v per B 7,895[7] K v per A 5,170[8] K The distance to this system has been measured using the parallax technique, giving an estimate of roughly 243 light-years. I think is a red giant. Mirfak Also known as Alpha Persei, Mirfak is located around 500 light years from Earth and is the brightest star in the constellation, it 's a white supergiant with a diameter around 30 times larger than the sun.
