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Carol Gilligan's Theory Of Moral Development

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Carol Gilligan in her Different Voice Thesis focuses on the moral development and women’s rights. Her theory is divided into three stages of moral development beginning from being selfish “ Pre-conventional” level then Social or “Conventional Morality” level and finally “Post Conventional” level. In selfish level, people care only for there own interests to ensure survival. The next level is pre-conventional level where there is more responsibility and care for others but still there is a conflict between one’s interest and others. The final level is “ Post Conventional” where people care for self-interests as well as others and it is hard to reach this level. After reading Carol Gilligan’s moral development theory in her thesis, the main …show more content…

I believe that perhaps the paramount importance of ethics and moral growth comes from the fact that morality is an essential element of the existence and survival of society and it is a fundamental component of society being and character. There is not any society that remains governed without a set of laws and rules for relations of its members with each other. Morals are served as the criteria adopted to guide people. In other words, morals aim at strengthening the social relationship and strengthen the adjustment of the individual with societies and acts according to their beliefs. Therefore, there should be in every society common morals agreed upon by females and males to follow. In order for me to understand Carol Gilligan Thesis, I had to study Kohlberg theory that Carol Gilligan Thesis argues against. I agree with his structure of the development of morals. Kohlberg argues that people starts as being unfamiliar of common norms then they start knowing and following the norms within their societies. After a while, the individuals will explore the reasons for abiding by the norms. At the end, they will discover the morality behind all accepted norms. I believe that Gilligan did not add to Kohlberg theory but she redefined …show more content…

Also, Article 5 which aims at achieving the elimination of prejudices and all other practices which are based on the idea of the inferiority or superiority of one gender. The convention text in Article (6): All countries take measures to combat all forms of trafficking and exploitation of women in prostitution, trafficking in women, the white slave trade and coercion of girls into prostitution are

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More importantly, being at peace and connected with oneself allows one to have better relationships with others. Applied in life: In chapter eight of Dialogic Civility, Arnett and Arneson dedicate the chapter to Carol Gilligan and her view on gender and moral voice. Essentially, Gilligan exposes that people have been unknowingly ignoring the voices and experiences of half of the human race (females). Gilligan also explains that

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From the context of this book and from what I concluded, these two theories are quite similar. The biggest difference is mainly the inclusion of women in the study. Coral Gilligan does shine the light that development varies on gender or just on how an individual person is raised. True, both of these theories are just samples of what is more typical of human development in general, that maybe that is why Gilligan 's theory is if anything, more relevant for me as a person due to my gender and how I was raised as a female. As an example, Gilligan 's focus is more drawn to the idea that humans, can develop differently, yet be on the same level of maturity, like so: “ Carol Gilligan concluded that women 's moral development tends to follow a

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http://www.healthofchildren.com/M/Moral-Development.html • Gilligan has deepened our understanding of moral development and what it means to be fully human. • During the late 1960s , student protests focused on the consequences of social inequality and spoke out against unfairness. o Roe v. Wade: abortion legalized, it is a protected right like free speech. • Gilligan notes that it is important to view and understand male and female views of historical events in order to fully comprehend what happened and how it was interpreted.

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According to him, humans are born with an inherent moral sense, as evidenced by his statement: “This book is based on the estimation that ... a universal complex human nature ... I think we have reason to believe that the mind is equipped with a battery of emotions, drives, and faculties for reasoning and communicating and that they have a common logic across cultures, are difficult to erase or redesign from scratch, were shaped by natural selection acting over the course of human evolution, and owe some of their basic design (and some of their variation) to information in the genome (Pinker, 74).” The point of the previous statement, as Colin McGinn, in his review of The Blank Slate written for the Washington Post, is that the key overall attributes that human beings possess primarily derive from genetics. Thus, although environmental factors play a role, their influence usually contributes to the development of our already highly structured and specialized innate abilities and talents. Thus, McGinn acknowledges that a person’s genes play a determinative role in their behavioral outcomes.

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William Golding uses the theme that humans are naturally bad at heart, in the book Lord of the Flies to highlight that without the order and respect we choose to live our daily lives with our human nature will ultimately take us into chaos and savagery. Morals are what we choose to live by, this is what keeps us accountable. Morals do not appear overnight. Overtime they are ingrained throughout our childhood. Giving us a sense of right and wrong.

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Baier also touches on the justice perspective and discusses the “inadequate” as a moral theory. This shows inequalities between people, it has an unrealistic view of freedom of choice, and it ignores the importance of moral emotions such as love. However, she also says that the best moral theory, she claims, is one that harmonizes justice and care. She goes on to also explain the theory of moral development which has two dimensions. First is to aim at achieving satisfying community with others and the second is to aim at autonomy or equality of power.

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The definition of morality is principles concerning the distinction between right and wrong or good and bad behaviour. Young children do not have normally have a belief system and take their position from their parents/carers. Children learn what is right and wrong from the carers around them and the reactions they get from their parents/carers towards their actions. For example, a child how breaks their toys will be told off by their parent and will know that their actions were wrong.

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“Civil Disobedience” by Henry David Thoreau talks about the importance of virtues and how the virtues of an individual create the very means for a society to thrive. Thoreau explains that these values give individuals a voice and power over their government, which is how a true democracy should function. In a healthy democracy, the government values and respects the individual. Due to this, Thoreau believes that the individuals in society should learn that they must choose to do what is right in order to control their government and be free. Ethics of an individual creates the idea that the people’s morals have influence with the government and brings the truth to correct the wrongs.

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Morality is the distinction as either proper or improper, of a person's decisions, intentions, and actions. It is the code of conduct that governs the people's behavior of a particular culture, state or even country. Moral development is the ultimate focus on the emergence, transition, and perception of these codes of conduct from infancy through adulthood. Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of development assumes that an individual's moral evolution is a sequential process that occurs in six stages.

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Gilligan ( 1997) achieved the conclusion that Kohlbergs hypothesis did not represent the way that ladies approach moral issues from a morals of consideration, instead of a morals of equity point of view, which moves a portion of the essential presumptions of Kohlbergs hypothesis. Additionally Critics have brought up that Kohlbergs hypothesis of good advancement overemphasizes the idea as equity when settling on good decisions. Commentators including Carol Gilligan have recommended that Kohlbergs hypothesis was sexual orientation one-sided since the majority of the subjects in his example were male. Kohlberg trusted that ladies had a tendency to stay at the third level of good advancement since they put a more grounded emphasis on things, for

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As an advocate of women rights, Wollstonecraft’s conception of intersubjectivity is universal as she conceptualizes a range of patriarchal institutions and practices related to marriage, education, law, government, and political economy. She strongly acknowledges “to the proposition that women, first and foremost, are human beings, who, like all other people in our society, must have the opportunity to build up their fullest human potential.” From this reality, she caught on that the concept of women’s human rights grew not from the heavily invoked, revolutionary-era idea of the “rights of man” but rather from the more radical idea of the “rights of woman.” As she theorized the necessity of including women in any universalistic and egalitarian definition of

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The United Nations’ Convention held in 1949, stated prostitution to be “incompatible with human dignity”. According to the Oxford Dictionary, prostitution is defined as "The practice or occupation of engaging in sexual activity with someone for payment." Often referred to as the “oldest profession” in the world, prostitution has become a burning issue in today’s world. The ongoing debate on whether to legalize, criminalize or decriminalize prostitution seems to be quite unresolvable. This paper investigates the negative impacts of legalizing prostitution such as 1) encouragement of prostitution, 2) increase in the incidence of human trafficking and 3) exposure of prostitutes to severe harm such as drug abuse, infection from sexually transmitted diseases and violence, which clearly supports the fact that prostitution should not be legalized.

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As children, we were taught by our parents that it is wrong to lie, cheat, and steal. As we grow up and enter into the real world with some knowledge of right and wrong, we see, first hand, the importance of ethics as well as its complexity. The role of ethics in our society and in an individual’s life is very necessary because it has a large influence on today, as well as the future. We need to learn about good ethics because they guide our decisions, make us who we are, and determine our future.

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