This thought of certainty is very
The power of belief shapes events into hardline certainties and creates situations where opinions will define the term success. In John Patrick Shanley’s story Doubt: A Parable, Sister Aloysius forms doubts about Father Flynn’s actions and diligently tries to expose Father Flynn based off of negligible evidence. A Catholic school in the Bronx is stuck at the crossroads as a rigid disciplinarian nun and the liberal parish priest share different views pertaining not only to their religion. The principal, Sister Aloysius, accuses Father Flynn of having inappropriate relations with the school’s first black student. She goes on a personal crusade to expunge Father Flynn from St. Nicholas without a fragment of validation expect her moral certitude.
“The test of a first rate of intelligence is to have two opposed ideas at the same time and still retain the ability to function,” as claimed by Fitzgerald, the author of The Great Gatsby. Being the opposite of each other, certainty is to be absolute in one idea or belief, while doubt is to be uncertain. As history shows, it is preferable to coexist with these two opposed ideas since certainty gives one confidence, and doubt gives the contemporary laws, structure, or society a chance to improve. Certainty produces confidence, which encourages the minority to insist its ideas under the pressure from the majority.
“Optimism isn't a belief that things will automatically get better, it is a conviction that we can make things better” - Melinda Gates. Optimism is not assuming today would be good, it is believing tomorrow is going to be better. Which is why the book “Brothers” is an overall optimistic novel. This is because Michael and Aisha had survived their grief and were able to live on as normal human beings. That in itself is very optimistic.
Certainty is a firm conviction that something is the case. This is one of the many luxuries in life. Knowing gives a person power and allows for a feeling of security and control to be present in their life. Along with this grand luxury comes the harsh truth of reality. It is impossible to be certain of anything in life.
By choosing the believing game,I was able to overcome this struggle and was given a deeper understanding on how to deal with future issues. In order to examine how the believing game can bring a positive outcome compared to the doubting game, Elbow’s essay needs to be examined. My personal experience will be shared, and I will discuss why believing had a positive impact and left me with a deeper understanding. Throughout Elbow ’s essay, the reader is given the definition and rules for each of the two games, being believing and doubting.
In society, there is this preconcieved premis that uncertainty is a sign of inconfidence and weakness. Because of this, many important leaders and ordinary people put up facades to make their uncertainty so that they may appear confident and powerful, despite that this could lead to decisions founded upon imprudence. What proponents of this idea fail to realize is that uncertainty is universal and that is only through embracing such uncertainty that people can make rational decisions and personally grow. In my studies of literature, my proposition has become more prevalent.
While developing an absolute sense of certainty is important in achieving goals, it is important to counter such action with a degree of doubt in order that you may not waste, hurt, or ignore time and other irreplaceable measurables. Historically, there are many beliefs that some people hold to be certain that are not
Determinism is a theory that all things in the world is governed by laws. This theory is based upon the materialist view of the body and mind. Materialists think that all things that exist in this world matter. We, humans, have mind or souls and desired interests are based upon actions. This principal argues that we have no moral responsibilities and choices.
Some feel very strongly about what they know to be certain. Some feel certain about religion, others about love. In Oscar Wilde’s book The Picture of Dorian Gray a character, Lord Henry Wotton, says this, : “The things one feels absolutely certain about are never true. That is the fatality of Faith, and the lesson of romance” (181). The truth one knows does not always prove to be certain.
Sceptics believe that there is no certainty in human knowledge. Just since something cannot be proven, does not necessarily mean that it is not known. In others words, any arguments that hold a claim to knowledge will always be contradicted by contrasting arguments. The uncertainty of reason being a foundation of knowledge can be maintained by a skeptic for multiple reasons. One reason being that reasons will never be adequate for one to prove he/she contains a specific knowledge.
Over the years, humans have evolved in many ways, but some patterns are recurring in the nature of humans and these patterns give us a chance to predict and to divide behavior into set timelines and phases. Similarly, all human relationships can be divided into stages also using some predictable events. Such a prediction of behavior, was invented in the form of a theory, by Professor Charles Berger and Richard Calabrese in 1975 (SUNNAFRANK, 1986). The theory was named the “Uncertainty Reduction Theory” (Hogg). The theory goes on to state that when two individuals begin to interact at first, they have some apprehensions and questions about the other which they normally resolve by asking certain questions.
“Although presumption is not evidence and has no weight as such, it does make a prima facie case for the party in whose favor it exists and points out the party who has the burden of going forward […], but it must be remembered at all times that basic facts must be supplied before a presumption comes into existence, […], and it has a binding effect until successfully rebutted by the other party. ”1 Keywords:- Presumption, Preliminary Treatise, Dialogical theory Concept and Definitions: The term presumption is an English translation of the Latin term “praesumptio”. It originated from the Roman law of the Middle Ages.2As Fisk noted, in the earlier days of Roman law, there have been praesumptio juris and praesumptio hominis. Shain adds praesumptiones
With each new discovery, our prior knowledge is either being further proved or disputed. Robust knowledge refers to knowledge claims that have withstood these constant challenges and have not been disproven, despite any attempts to disprove it. However, the claim that “robust knowledge requires both consensus and disagreement” is justifiably false to me, in certain areas of knowledge. I believe that this claim is entirely false in the mathematics area of knowledge but can be true in the natural sciences area of knowledge. The reason for my belief is that the claim explicitly states that “Robust knowledge requires both consensus and disagreement”.
Optimism is hopefulness for the future, and, like me, most people get their optimism from their roots, or how they were brought up as a child. My parents would always remind me from a young age that being pessimistic will not help you achieve your goal, so you might as well be optimistic and try. They have always taught me from a young age, and never denied or doubted, that with optimism comes opportunity, and that optimism is, in fact, the key to success. Over the years, I’ve learned that the more optimistic you are, the more creative you can be. With optimistic attitude, one can generate new ideas and create possibilities to move forward faster and more efficiently than at normal times, due to an open mind.
