The article provides some theories for that the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico in The American Southwest. However, the professor explains that this evidences aren 't valid and refutes each of the author 's theories. first, the reading passage claims that Chaco structure has been used for residential applications for hundreds of people. The professor refutes this point by saying that this structure may look like an apartment from outside but there is no evidence that proves that this building was used for living. She states that if a lot of people have inhabited in this structure there should be plenty of fireplaces for families to do daily works like cooking. But they found around 10 of them there. second, the article posits