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Chapters In The History Of The American Industrial Enterprise Chapter Summary

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The book “Strategy and Structure: Chapters in the History of the American Industrial Enterprise” is written by Alfred D. Chandler, Jr. and this book is about the changing strategies and administrative structures of U.S. industrial companies after World War II. The book also describes similarities between beginning organizational structure and the basic organizational structure used by enterprises in today’s capital intensive, technologically advanced industries. The largest section of the book is made up of four case studies and among them the author takes care to note differences in enterprise, market, and style. Author begins with the earliest corporation to become decentralized and multi-divisional, du Pont Chemical, and ends with the last, Sears, …show more content…

Author begins with the earliest corporation to become decentralized and multi-divisional, du Pont Chemical, and ends with the last, Sears, Roebuck and Co. In the introduction, the author defines structure as the design of organization through which the enterprise is administered. Likewise, strategy is defined by the book as the determination of the basic long term goals and objectives of an enterprise, and the adoption of courses of action and the allocation of resources necessary for carrying out these goals. The book has 7 different chapters with different subjects matter and they are as follows: Chapter 1- Historical Setting: The first chapter gives a summary explanation of the development of administrative structure in American business history. In the American industrial history, before 1850 very few businesses required a clearly defined administrative structure or full-time administrators. Business usually involved an owner doing both planning and working within the business on daily operations. Industrial enterprises were very small in comparison with those of

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Introduction A company’s success is measured by how well it is structured and organized in order to adapt to the changes in environment as well as the changes within itself such as the company’s scale, employees, product scope, etc. Having a suitable, well-structured organizational frame will not only increase the chance of being success but also prolong the company’s lifespan compared to an un-structured one. It is important to note that an organization’s structure needs to fit in with the current situation and does not necessarily required remain unchanged over time. Taking Dynacorp as an example, even though its functional structure contributed to the vast growth of the company at the start, its limitation in dealing with the changes within

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Olivia Strzalka 10/19/15 The wave of industrialism, in the 1800s and 1900s, was driven by men that ruled over American industry. These two men, most commonly known as Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller, used strategies and tactics that made some people think of them as robber barons while others had a more positive outlook and believed they were captains of industry. Robber barons referred to people who used unfair business practices. On the contrary, captains of industry were entrepreneurs who took risks developing the new inventions and technology during the era of the Industrial Revolution.

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During this time, America increased it number of department stores and consumer products (Document G). Indeed, newly created companies at the time would grow to

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By the end of the civil war the creation of the  large-scale industrialization was developed due to war profits such as weapons and foreign investments such as trading commodities with different countries. Therefore, during the years between 1865 to 1900, industrialization affected the United States society in many significant ways through business, government and labor. Many business corporations were involved with the government. In document 2, the author is political activist and impacted government workforce by illustrating an image that shows big businessmen are controlling the senate. Money equals power so since the  Business companies have, almost full power over them, they can clearly manage anything they desire.

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Industrialization had a positively impact on U.S because Automobiles, Captain Of Industry , and light bulb and Electricity. The industrialization happened in the 1800’s. There was a lot of events that happened in this time period. Reason 1: Andrew Carnegie made old fashioned cars in the 1800’s. He taught many women and men how to drive.

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SAQ #1 One governmental practice during this era was siding with and supporting corporations in most issues. For example, the creation of the ICC was done with intent to regulate economic activity, but its structure only allowed action to be taken in court, where corporations almost always won. This caused growing animosity between farmers and railroad corporations, because farmers felt they were still being cheated. The idea of “social darwinism” contributed to the battle between labor and management, because it claimed that those who were meant to succeed would, and those unfit for the competitive world would fail.

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Andrew Carnegie, a Scottish immigrant who was a self made man, had changed the way the economy produced its wealth forever. After creating a way to “revolutionize steel production in the United states”, the cost of doing things like making factories, goods, and transportation became a lot cheaper (Andrew Carnegie Biography). The birth of railroad companies took over the majority of the economy during the late 1800’s just after Carnegie found a way to make the mass production of steel. The railroad industry influenced many things throughout the country like the growth of towns and transportation of raw goods and finished products to the factories and consumers. The practice of vertical integration, growth through the acquisition of the materials the make the product, allowed big business to control all aspects of their company instead of paying a supplier their profit margin to do a task (Document A).

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What began American Industrial Revolution? A key moment in the late eighteenth century has been etched in history. This happened when British manufacturing concepts where introduced to America by Samuel Slater. Through technologies such as water power via the spinning machine. Slater instituted the first cotton mill in the U.S. Who invented the spinning machine?

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In a time, 1865 marked the end of Reconstruction of the North and the South after the Civil War. The start of the Second Industrial Revolution began with the invention of electrical power and mechanical engines. The United States expanded westward like never before with the creation of railroads, oil, and steel. The Election of 1896 marked a critical election when Republican William McKinley, United States President from 1897-1901, defeated his opponent in one of the most dramatic and complex elections in the young country’s history. Using the idea of American Imperialism, the United States aimed to spread their political, economic, and cultural control within the government over areas beyond their boundaries.

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Industrialization and Industrialists had many important impacts on America. The era of industrialization known as the " Gilded Age" opened up many new doors for the American people. The industrialist Andrew Carnegie had one of the biggest impacts on America by far. Carnegie was responsible for the production of steel.

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After the Civil War, the nation went through some significant changes in terms of social-economic events. Industrialization changed the country and made it one of the greatest industrialized nation in the world. However, it came with a price; the industrialization relied upon poverty and immigration for its success. The effect of industrialization changed the course of our nation. It also changed the lives of people, but at a significant price.

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Throughout American History, business has been the vital foundation of economy and political stance. Most Prominently during the Gilded Age, when the economy grew at a fast pace due to large businesses who controlled most things. Furthermore, significant companies such as oil, railroad, and steel businesses were responsible for giving a path to a greater economical standpoint in the United States. Companies during this era whom had major importance, had the ability to control the economy with one command because they controlled a spot in politics and also had major controlling over the people that worked for them. Many Americans had to depend on these big businesses for a job and also for either transportation or the products that the businesses

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Between the year of 1865 and the year of 1920, the United States moved towards becoming a more industrialized and developing society. With this change taking place, resulted in improvement with how people live with family and earned money differently. The three major aspects of industrialization during the 1865 and 1920 that influenced the politics, economy and society of the United States are: entrepreneurship, technology, as well as transport and communication network. Entrepreneurship: the period after the Civil War from 1865 to 1920 was characterized by fast economic growth in the country.

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What is essential to think about America's time of industrialization is that a reasoning about the middle class created in Britain in what's known as the Victorian period. These are the years that Queen Victoria ruled the Great Britain. This logic of Victorian morality was embraced by the middle class in the US in the Gilded Age (SHACKEL and PALUS 828). Writers noted that the financial power of the middle and upper classes went in hand with their intelligence, self-control, talent, and morality. Restraint meant abstinence from sex and self-control against alcohol.

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Paragraph 1: Industrialization really took of in the United States during the late 1800s and the early 1900s. Before then, America 's population had mostly lived out in the farms and ranches of the country, but that was about to change when more and more people started to move to the cities for work. Most of the people that moved, found themselves in factory jobs for the steel industry or alike, or working for the railroads. Companies could really thrive, as the United States government, adopted a policy of Laissez Faire. This is also about the time that immigration really kicked up, more and more immigrants were showing at Ellis Island, looking for a new start.

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