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Christopher Columbus and the Columbian Exchange
Christopher Columbus and the Columbian Exchange
Christopher Columbus and the Columbian Exchange
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DBQ Essay – What Drove the Sugar Trade? Beginning in the late 1600s and continuing through the 1700s the demand for sugar became incredibly high due to its addictive qualities. To supply the consumers with sugar they were craving, wealthy Europeans established sugar plantations throughout the Caribbean and built a thriving slave industry, so their need for cheap labor could be satisfied. Sugar consumption increased from 4.6lbs to 16.2lbs per capita annually from 1700 to 1770 due to the increasing addiction of the consumers.
The markets in every colony had special and valuable goods to trade with the other colonies who want to buy their product from them. “This trade proved significant, accounting for 18 percent of Carolina’s total export earnings before 1749 and remaining at roughly 10 percent until 1775.(facts on file).” In the early years colonist went in the transatlantic trade, Merchants and planters in Virginia exported tobacco and New englanders shipped grain and lumber in exchange for the colonist imported goods. By the early 18th century the value imports increased and more colonist started to trade into the trend.
Since sugar cane had been introduced to West Indies, the techniques of sugar production, exploitation of labor, and economic organization developed on these islands were easily exported to the new world. Ultimately, the adoption of these production techniques and the system of colonial government from the Atlantic islands, with the institution of slavery, made sugar production the most profitable cultivation in the Americas. By the sixteenth century, both demand and prices had risen because refined sugar was replacing honey in most recipes and was increasingly used as a sweetener in jams, jellies and other popular food products across Europe. White Gold, as British colonists called it, was the engine of the slave trade that brought millions of Africans to the Americas beginning in the early sixteenth century. Profits from the sugar trade were so significant that it may have even helped America achieve independence from Great
What Drove the Sugar Trade? The sugar trade began in 1655 and became a big deal to Britain. Wealthy men would buy property, produce sugar, and sell it to their home country for a low price. (Document 7) Sugar was a product that could be bought and sold easily, since it was in high demand.
Christopher Columbus, said first discoverer of the New World, was credited this title because his personal discovery of the New World was not only lasting and lead to the beginning of exploration and colonization, but he also had documented/published proof or “record” of this new land, which included his journal entries, unlike the explorers before him. However, around 1000 A.D., years and years before Columbus went to new land, a Viking man named Leif Eriksson hit the land of Canada after his father and crew landed in what they named Greenland. “Sagas” or legends let us know that he was indefinitely involved in the true discovery of the New World (Leif Erickkson vs. Christopher Columbus). Poor Richard’s Almanack is a known series of annual calendars published by Benjamin Franklin. It included things such as important dates, statistical information, and tables of tides and astrology.
The Differences of the New World Indian Encounters by the Spanish Christopher Columbus and Hernan Cortes were two explorers that came into contact with the two native groups. Columbus was born in 1451 and grew up as an explorer and navigator completing many voyages. He reached Asia (the Indies) in 1492 discovering the New World. He believed that he was reaching India, but was mistaken when he analyzed the scale wrong and ended up on the opposite side of the globe. Cortes was born around 1845 and grew up as an explorer and Spanish conquistador.
The sugar trade, which began in the 16th century and lasted until the 19th century, was also considered a “triangle trade" that brought tremendous wealth and power to European colonizers and their respective nations. The trade, which involved the production and transportation of sugar from colonies in the Caribbean and South America to Europe, was driven by several factors, including the growing demand for sugar in Europe, an increase in population, and mercantilism. One of the primary factors that drove the sugar trade was the growing demand for sugar in Europe. Sugar was considered a luxury item in medieval Europe since it brought the great taste to the people.
The Columbian Exchange, also known as The Great Exchange, is one of the most significant events in the history of world. The term is used to describe the widespread exchange of foods, animals, human populations (including slaves),plants, diseases, and ideas from the New world and the old. this occurred after 1492. Many goods were exchanged between and it started a revolution in the Americas, Africa and in Europe. The exchange got its name when Christopher Columbus voyage started an era of a tremendous amount of exchange between the New and Old World that resulted in this revolution.
Cameron Canfield Ms. Hack English 9 28 September 2017 Have you ever been on a quest that could have possibly end your life? In The Hobbit by: J.R.R Tolkien, Bilbo Baggins is often torn between his love of the comforts of home and his desire for adventure. Bilbo Baggins does not like to travel and much prefers his comfort of his hobbit hole. He was not happy to be going on this quest but was reluctantly persuaded to go.
Columbus was not the only one that participated in the exchange or the slave trade. Spain played a role in this. The Spanish empire started to colonize in the New World . The also forced the Indians into mining for gold and silver, and many Indians died because of the cruel treatment. Their population was nearly swiped away.
In the scholarly article Globalization and Christopher Columbus in the Americas written by Elise Bartosik-Vélez discuss two main themes of the Columbus’s globalization of early modern European colonialism and the people of Spanish decent in Latin America. Bartosik-Vélez states that Columbus was part of the globalization process formed by European colonialism. Columbus was labeled as an Italian although he was never able to speak or script the language. He was partner with the royal house in Spain and as well as Europe but was known for the “New World of Spain.” He wanted to be a figure in the empire and one of the ways he was able to link to one was becoming associated with the Roman Empire.
The Columbian Exchange refers to the monumental transfer of goods such as: ideas, foods, animals, religions, cultures, and even diseases between Afroeurasia and the Americas after Christopher Columbus’ voyage in 1492. The significance of the Columbian Exchange is that it created a lasting tie between the Old and New Worlds that established globalization and reshaped history itself (Garcia, Columbian Exchange). Worlds that had been separated by vast oceans for years began to merge and transform the life on both sides of the Atlantic (The Effects of the Columbian Exchange). This massive exchange of goods gave rise to social, political, and economic developments that dramatically impacted the world (Garcia, Columbian Exchange). During this time,
Economic Effects of the Columbian Exchange Inflation of cash-crops, slavery and silver resulting from the Columbian Exchange caused a drastic effect on the global economy. Cash-crops forged new trade routes across continents, slavery supported New World exports, and silver caused power shifts in the world 's distribution of wealth. As Spanish expeditions to the New World increased in size and purpose, the economic effects on the rest of the world spread with equal vigor. The triangular trade circulated commodities between Europe, Africa, and the Americas. From Europe some commodities were distributed throughout Asia.
Rajiv Goswami The increasing commodification of sugar from the 1500s onward has had lasting implications in both the New and Old Worlds. In Sweetness and Power by Sidney W. Mintz, the anthropological interpretation of the evolution of the sugar industry highlights how Europe transitioned from mercantilism to capitalism, agriculture to industry, class changes, and an overall increase in the quality of life. The Caribbean colonies saw an influx of African slaves and Europeans, with the former transforming the islands from backwaters into ultra- profitable cash crop centers, exacerbating the slave trade while increasing returns on investments for their European financiers. While Europe saw sugar as factor in bridging class differences, African
Soon after, southeastern colonies started planting sugarcane, too. It became one of the largest cash crops in history. (G, Johnson) Biological changes happened unintentionally through the Columbus Exchange. The Old World brought invasive plant and animal species into the New World. The native species had no natural predators.
