A case is presented at the hospital of a 2-month-old child, diagnosed with down syndrome, and currently recovering from a case of bronchiolitis. The child, Elisa, is also diagnosed with Tetralogy of Fallot, and she will undergo surgery to correct this defect once she has had time to recover from her bronchiolitis. Elisa is the sixth child or Maria and Hector. She has three brothers and two sisters who range in age from 10 to 25 years old.
Bronchioles constrict from the increased pressure in the lungs from exhalation. Inhalation is easier because it relieves the pressure.
The trading of gasses in the middle of air and blood happens cross the dividers of respiratory alveoli. Alveoli are microscopic flimsy walled air sacs that give a colossal surface zone to gas dispersion. The locale of the lungs where gas trade with the blood happens is known as the respiratory zone. The trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles that convey air to the respiratory zone include the leading zone. The thoracic cavity is constrained by the mid-section divider and diaphragm.
It is also flat and full of muscle. This allows for food to digest before it enters the stomach. While dissecting the respiratory system, I continued to study the trachea, as well as the lungs and bronchi to see how their structure related to their function. . As mentioned above, the trachea is a wide and strong part of the respiratory system. The structure of the trachea is related to the function because it allows for the fetal pig to receive proper air passage through the lungs.
Hyaline membranes help to the development of fibrosis and atelectasis (collapse) essential to decrease in gas exchange capability and lung dysfunction. These changes cause the lungs to become stiff, patient work hard to inspire. Hypoxemia and the stimulation of juxtacapillary receptors in the stiff lung parenchyma leading to increase respiratory rate and decrease in tidal volume. Breathing irregular increase carbon dioxide removal,
Sadly there are many pediatric heart conditions in the world that are treated every day, and many more arise as well these cases include ASD, VSD, PDA and TOF. The first major condition being Atrial Septal Defect (ASD). This defect is actually in the septum the wall that separates the right and left sides of the heart. A hole in the wall between the two upper chambers is called an atrial septal defect, or (ASD). This is one of the least complex forms of congenital heart defect of the many in infants, and was one of the first types to actually be repaired surgically.
The definition of exploration is the action of traveling in or through an unfamiliar area in order to learn about it. This definition describes one man in lots of ways. He traveled in an unfamiliar subject, which is polio, and wanted to learn about it. Exploration is very important to human survival in all subjects, from history to math to science. Jonas Salk is a perfect example for exploration.
Lung volume and lung capacity are two measurements of respiratory health and measured during pulmonary functions tests. It is show the physical condition of the lungs. Pulmonary ventilation, or breathing, is the process of air flowing into the lungs during inspiration (inhalation) and out of the lungs during expiration (exhalation). Air flows because of pressure differences between the atmosphere and the gases inside
The function of the pulmonary artery is to pump deoxygenated blood to the lungs from the heart to become oxygenated. The pressure inside the pulmonary artery is very low, although blood here is at a slightly higher pressure than the blood in the pulmonary vein, and this is reflected as the walls of the artery are significantly thinner than the walls of a corresponding artery, for example, the aorta. The walls of the pulmonary artery contain a large amount of elastic fibres in order to maintain the shape of the artery. The lumen of the artery is smaller than that of the vein which has a large lumen. This relates to the pressure difference between the two blood vessels as the smaller lumen of the artery allows for a greater pressure of blood.
1. List the structures and functions of the cardiovascular system. Do not forget blood and vessels are part of this system. The cardiovascular consists of the heart, blood vessels and blood. It has three functions one of them is that it transports nutrients, oxygen and hormones to cells throughout the body and removes wastes such as carbon dioxide and nitrogenous waste.
The cardiovascular, and respiratory system work together to maintain homeostasis in the body by helping the tissues of the body receive oxygenated blood, and removing carbon dioxide from the body. The cardiovascular and respiratory system are different in that the cardiovascular system is how oxygen is delivered to the tissues of the body, while the respiratory system is what takes in the oxygen that the body needs. Also, the lymphatic, cardiovascular, and immune system work together to fight off infections, and foreign bacteria in the body to achieve homeostasis. The cardiovascular system helps to distribute the lymph around the body to fight the different infections and helps monitor the different foreign invaders. Unlike the cardiovascular
Pneumonia and asthma are two kinds of diseases that affect the airways in the lungs. Although both of them are different, they have some common denominators in the cause, symptoms, and the possibility of treating the inflammation at home. Both pneumonia and asthma make the air sacs in the lungs become tighten or blocked by an inflammation. For example, a person can obtain pneumonia or make asthma become worse after getting any upper respiratory infection such as flu or cold. Some symptoms of pneumonia and asthma are similar to each other such as chest pain, coughing, wheezing, and difficulty in breathing.
The heart may have the sinoatrial node (SA node) to trigger contraction, but in order for us to breath our nervous system has to signal for us to begin the process of ventilation (breathing). Our brain stem has three parts to it, but only the pons and medulla oblongata play a key role in breathing. The medulla helps set the respiratory rhythm by receiving and sending impulses to a bundle of neurons called the ventral respiratory group to the phrenic nerve to bring about contraction in the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles. All this only happens though due to the sensors of the chemoreceptors. The chemoreceptors located in the medulla and carotid and aortic bodies detect a rise in carbon dioxide (CO2).
Exchange of Air The amount and movement of air and expired gases in and out of the lungs are controlled by expansion and recoil of the lungs. The lungs do not actively expand and recoil themselves. Rather they are acted upon to do so in two ways by downward and upward movement of the diaphragm to lengthen and shorten the chest cavity and (2) by elevation and depression of the ribs to increase and decrease the back to front diameter of the chest cavity (figure given below) Normal quiet breathing is accomplished almost entirely by movement of the diaphragm . During inspiration, contraction of the diaphragm creates a negative pressure (vacuum) in the chest cavity and air is drawn into the lungs. During expiration
