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Explain The Function Of The Pulmonary Artery

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The function of the pulmonary artery is to pump deoxygenated blood to the lungs from the heart to become oxygenated. The pressure inside the pulmonary artery is very low, although blood here is at a slightly higher pressure than the blood in the pulmonary vein, and this is reflected as the walls of the artery are significantly thinner than the walls of a corresponding artery, for example, the aorta. The walls of the pulmonary artery contain a large amount of elastic fibres in order to maintain the shape of the artery. The lumen of the artery is smaller than that of the vein which has a large lumen. This relates to the pressure difference between the two blood vessels as the smaller lumen of the artery allows for a greater pressure of blood. …show more content…

It is an elongated muscle which allows for slow and regular contractions. The nuclei of the smooth muscle cells are centrally located and elongated, similarly to the shape of the cell. In pulmonary blood vessels and the bronchus, this muscle is used to maintain the shape and rigidity of the structure, which it does so involuntarily.
The function of the pulmonary vein is the opposite to that of the pulmonary artery, in being that the pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood back to the heart in order for the blood to be pumped around the body. Similarly to the pulmonary artery, the pulmonary vein has very thin walls although the vein’s walls are even thinner than those of the pulmonary artery due to the wider lumen and low pressure of the blood. The pulmonary vein also contains little elastic fibres as the shape of the veins do not need to be maintained as rigidly as those of the artery due additionally to the low blood

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It is also flat and full of muscle. This allows for food to digest before it enters the stomach. While dissecting the respiratory system, I continued to study the trachea, as well as the lungs and bronchi to see how their structure related to their function. . As mentioned above, the trachea is a wide and strong part of the respiratory system. The structure of the trachea is related to the function because it allows for the fetal pig to receive proper air passage through the lungs.

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Normally, low-oxygen blood entering the right side of the heart stays on the right side, and subsequently oxygen-rich blood stays on the left side of the heart, where it is then pumped to the body and tissues. When a defect or "hole" is present between the atria (or upper chambers of heart), some oxygen-rich blood leaks back to the right side of the heart. It then goes back to the lungs even though it is already rich enough in oxygen. Because of this, there is a significant increase in the blood that goes to the lungs overall. Atrial septal defects can

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Vesalius had observed, by dissection, that there were no pores in the septum of the heart. This meant that direct transfer of blood was not possible. Harvey’s explanation for how blood was transferred from the right ventricle to the left ventricle was that it went through the lungs via the pulmonary arteries and returned through veins to the left auricle, and subsequently to the left ventricle. Once again this description was a simplified explanation of flow in line with his observations and those of Vesalius and

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Physiological Processes Gas exchange occurs because of the body’s involuntary response to breathe in response to: exchange carbon dioxide and oxygen, deliver oxygen to tissues and to regulate acid-base concentrations in the bloodstream. The air travels into the nose, down the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveolar sacs then to the pulmonary capillaries. Froom the pulmonary capillaries hemoglobin picks up the oxygen molecules and travels through the arteries in the body to deliver the oxygen while picking up carbon dioxide and delivering it to the lungs through the veins and the process repeats. Since my patient has asthma along with a smaller diameter for air to pass through it causes severe inability to oxygenate the body during an asthma

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Pulmonary edema or congestion happens when the left ventricle of the heart fails. This is simply because the inefficiency of its ventricle to pump effectively causes the blood to back up to the pulmonary capillaries as the pulmonary venous blood rises its pressure into the tissues and alveoli impairing the gas exchange. Pulmonary congestion will be manifested in crackles, difficulty of breathing, frothy pink-tinged sputum and shortness of breath. In addition, the decreased amount of blood ejected from the left side causes ineffective tissue perfusion. This is detrimental to other vital organs such as the kidneys.

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