A case is presented at the hospital of a 2-month-old child, diagnosed with down syndrome, and currently recovering from a case of bronchiolitis. The child, Elisa, is also diagnosed with Tetralogy of Fallot, and she will undergo surgery to correct this defect once she has had time to recover from her bronchiolitis. Elisa is the sixth child or Maria and Hector. She has three brothers and two sisters who range in age from 10 to 25 years old.
On attached paper On attached paper The bronchioles use elastic fibers instead of rings of cartilage; therefore, they are more likely to collapse. During an asthmatic episode, the airways are inflamed and are sensitive. The muscles around the airway tightens and causes less air to pass to the lungs.
A Dust Storm is storm where Dust, soil, and/or sand are carried over a large area. Dust storms can also carry crops that farmers planted if the soil is weak. One effect of a dust storm of dust storms is Dust Pneumonia. Dust Pneumonia is mainly caused by someone being exposed to dust storms. When you have it, your lungs are filled with dust, which irritates the alveolus, which is a crucial part of your lungs function properly.
Because they also encourage mucous secretions, macrophage activity on pneumococci is decreased while bacterial adhesion to the epithelium is increased. Pneumonia is a condition that aggravates the air sacs in one or both lungs. The air sacs may fill with fluid or pus causing cough with phlegm or pus, fever, chills, and difficulty breathing. Cyanosis occurs as a result of the decrease in gas exchange through the inflamed alveolar membrane and subsequent decline in hemoglobin saturation. One of the most common complications of the flu is a bacterial infection.
The symptoms of pneumonia include difficulty breathing, a rapid heartbeat, a temperature, and generally feeling unwell. (Healthdirect.gov.au, 2015) If the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria spread to the bones, osteomyelitis can occur, which will result in the severe inflammation of the bones. (Conrad, 2015) The symptoms for osteomyelitis include a temperature, severe bone pain, restricted movement of a joint, and red, warm, tender skin at the site of the pain.
Asthma has a significant impact on society, affecting over 6 million children under the age of 18 in the United States alone. Reasonable ways to control this disease are medications such as inhalers and spirometry to test the strength of your lungs. There is a myriad factor from environmental constraints, physical and the one built by humans is noted as a major factor affecting the development of asthma. Indoor air pollution is the most common form of air pollution, along with first-hand and second-hand smoking. Air pollution is often greater in lower socioeconomic neighborhoods with mold and cockroach infestations and access to medical care.
The findings from this research have led me to be certain of the importance of how by just merely looking into a subject from the origin of it can make us understand the true cause of the problem. Often people believe in one thing because it was told to them as a child like “ you are just like your parents who also have asthma.” However, after examining the different triggers of asthma it is with more certainty that I believe the borough of the Bronx has to advocate for its community and the area in they live in. Without change the Bronx’s pollution will continue to affect the people and the hospitalizations will continue to be the highest in all the boroughs.
People who have been diagnosed with asthma need to take long-term control medication. These medications reduce airway inflammation and help prevent symptoms from occurring. An inhaled corticosteroid, is an anti-inflammatory drug that prevents cells in the lungs from releasing the substances that trigger the asthma response. Medications in this class are Flovent, Pulmicort, Aerobid, Alvesco, Qvar, and Asthmanex.
Asthma is the swelling that causes you to wheeze making you feel as you can’t breathe it can be treated by epinephrine. Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs caused by bacteria and sometimes it can be treated without treatment. Bronchitis is an infection in the mucus membrane, wheezing and chest pains are some symptoms and it can be treated by prescribing brunch dilator or antibiotics. Sinusitis pressure in the sinuses also nasal discharge treatments are antibiotics and many others. Tonsillitis symptoms include fever, hard for you to swallow and sore throats.
1.What are the common symptoms associated with an exacerbation of COPD? According to the Mayo Clinic (2017), symptoms occur when a vast amount of damage has occurred to the lungs and progressively worsens, especially if the patient continues to smoke. Change in sputum color, increased sputum amount, coughing more than usual, increased fatigue, breathlessness, increased difficulty completing ADLs, fever, confusion, increased sleepiness, and decreased pulse ox levels are symptoms that are typically associated with a COPD exacerbation (Lareau, Moseson & Slatore, 2014). 2.What assessment techniques will you use to assess Mary?
It is described as being a “progressive lung disorder characterized by persistent airflow obstruction and chronic respiratory symptoms in response to inhaled cigarette smoke or other irritants or a deficiency of alpha-1-antitrypsin” (Krishnan et al., 2015, p. 70). Acute exacerbations of COPD are common and often leads to patients being hospitalized. The frequency of hospitalization tends to worsen with disease progression. Acute exacerbations of COPD are associated with a decreased quality of life, increased healthcare costs and increased mortality (Marchetti, Criner, & Albert, 2013). In the United States it is estimated that there are approximately 24 million adults with COPD (Pietrangelo, 2015).
Lung volume and lung capacity are two measurements of respiratory health and measured during pulmonary functions tests. It is show the physical condition of the lungs. Pulmonary ventilation, or breathing, is the process of air flowing into the lungs during inspiration (inhalation) and out of the lungs during expiration (exhalation). Air flows because of pressure differences between the atmosphere and the gases inside
Monitoring: Attendees: Ray Onyesoh (HWE), Stephanie Wright (CM), Alvin Leary (Youth) and Shakeniah (Mother) Objectives: BHH-HWE conducted a FTF with Alvin at his family residence. Height:4 '9 Weight:87Ibs Miss school days: None ER visit:
Some people can have it severely from their birth, in others it may not be as sever and wait to show up till their teens or young adults. Cystic Fibrosis is a fatal genetic disease that effects the gene that makes a protein which controls the movement of salt and water in and out of your body's cells (https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/cystic-fibrosis). That can cause mucus to build up and clog a few of the organs in the body. When the mucus gets stuck in the lungs it can make breathing very difficult. The mucus can also make it easy for "bacteria to get stuck in the airways" (https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cystic-fibrosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20353700) .
Being diagnosed with COPD is devasting, but the disease does not have to ruin your life. There are several ways to manage the disease. Some treatments require medical treatment, and other treatments require medical intervention. In the early stages if COPD, quitting smoking can reduce the effects of COPD. In the later stages of the disease, many doctors recommend treating the disease with medications or surgery.
