Freud states that, " Civilized man has exchanged some part of his chances of happiness for a measure of security" due to the fact that man adapted to the modern way of life in order to survive and simulate peace. In this sense, man is more confined in their behavior. We sacrifice our basic instincts, which are fueled by sexuality and natural aggression to facilitate unity among men. Having the freedom to do whatever you like, whenever you like, and where ever you like is primitive and would cause war between neighbors, cultures, and nations.
Freud also reiterates that human nature is generally aggressive and covetous and our desire to possess all that, which belongs to another person, cannot be contained. The hope of long lasting peace is "... untenable illusion." Most of the
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However, the same basic instinct of sexuality and aggression of man that Freud outlined in the article is evident in Richard in "Richard III" by William Shakespeare. He yearns for sexual gratification (instinct), stimulation and short-term marital relationship and has distinguished characteristics of aggressive narcissism, unsympathetic, deceitful, a liar and didn't accept responsibility for his action (aggression) " I do wrong...And seem a saint, when most I play the devil," (Act 1, Scene 3). His efforts were directed to woo Lady Anne, who at this point should only have hate towards him (he had killed her husband & father in law in battle) to have her but with the intentions of not keeping her. ‘I'll have her; - but I will not keep her long.’(Act 1, Scene 2). Aggression, violent in action and spirit was strong in Richard, who refuses to subordinate himself to traditional patriarchal power structures and lines of succession. Being fourth in line in becoming king, craving the crown, he plotted against his brothers. Act 1, Scene