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Compare and contrast modern and classical liberalism
Compare and contrast modern and classical liberalism
Similarities and differences of classical and modern liberalism
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(McClelland, RIP: The Middle Class 1946-2013) I agree with Edward that the middle class isn’t really a relative term anymore. The Arab Oil Embargo in 1973, really affected the middle class after the price of gas raised from 36 cents to 53 cents and while this happened Nixon lowered the speed limit to 55 miles an hour and introduced the Corporate Average Fuel Economy Law, which gave automakers until 1985 to double their fuel efficiency to 27.5 miles per gallon. Doing this causes auto industry jobs in the United States to get shipped overseas. “The Arab Oil Embargo would lead to the downfall of the American auto industry, whose generous wages and benefits set the standard for the
New Conservatism DBQ Beginning with John F. Kennedy in 1961 and ending with the Reagan Administration in 1989, the United States was headed by believers of a new conservatism throughout these three decades. These conservative leaders returned the country to the moral roots of its founding and prosperity following years of economic downturn, civil frustration, and foreign and domestic struggles for the nation as a whole. A new type of leader was desired for by the American people, and one emerged with the new conservatism of the late 1900s. As citizens wanted to grow and improve, they felt subject to a government that was limiting their opportunity to do so, resulting in dissatisfaction with the leaders of the nation.
While Conservatives are those who abhor change, and want to return the United States to a time that they feel is ideal. This time seems to be debated, with many believing that the 1950’s was the ideal time that society should be returning to. While others believe, it is the 1980’s during the Reagan Era that was the ideal time for the American people. Liberals on the other hand, do not want to return the country back to a “better time”. They want the country to progress and change in a positive manner that includes the protection of rights and freedoms of everyone living within the United States.
The Progressive Era and The New Deal Liberalism Era were two very important eras in American History. Progressives contended that old ways of governing and doing business did not address modern conditions. Theodore Roosevelt believed that corporations were good for America, but he also believed that corporate behavior must be watched to ensure that corporate greed did not get out of hand. Then we have the New Deal Liberalism where President Franklin Delano Roosevelt referred broadly to providing a “new deal” and bringing to the White House “persistent experimentation.” New Deal Liberalism would mainly provide relief, put millions of people to work, raise prices for farmers, extend conservation projects, revitalize America’s financial system,
Thinkers Beliefs How their ideas were radical at that time How their ideas are related to classical liberalism Hobbes His belief was that the reason why humans have so many problems is because of their greed to protect only themselves. And monarchy was always more interested in helping those who benefitted them in return. He believed that a fair executor who would use his authority to stop humans from harming others is needed. His ideas were viewed radical at that time because state had less power and monarchy had all of it, it was times of war where weak people would get killed if they did not listen to wealthier class. His ideas in my opinion are like the base of foundation of classical liberalism as him and his peers were the some of the first people to research the “state of nature”” of people which made many of his successors want to do more for the cause.
Conservatives believe in limited government intervention and personal responsibility while liberals believe in increased government intervention and that the responsibility of repairing social ills lies with the government. Conservatives are pro-life, while liberals are pro-choice. Liberals are opposed to the death penalty while conservatives support it. Conservatives are in favor of a free-market system while liberals are in favor of a market system with government regulation. Despite their disagreements, conservatives and liberals seem to both agree on prison reform and the majority of foreign relations; although their ideologies may differ on how to approach these problems they both agree that these problems need to be confronted.
Huthmacher conveys that liberalism of Americans made the type of political system they were wanting. He asserted that the government got involved because of how the lower class portrayed their rights and voted for legislation. The low class was looking for improvement for working conditions. He provided job security, better wages and working conditions, and gave some benefits of production to consumers. “As a result, we find urban lower-class representatives introducing a large variety of business regulatory measures on the local and state levels during the Progressive Era”(Huthmacher 13).
Liberalism is a political view founded on the ideas of liberty and equality. Jefferson has been remembered in History as a man who sees equality and power to the people. Jefferson is our third president and wrote the Declaration of Independence. He has been known to represent immigration, public education, and protective rights for all minorities.
Liberalism sees the market as a major part of civil society. It claims that people should be able freely to exchange goods of their labor with fellow members of society. Moreover, classical liberalism suggests that for society to remain functional, it must be democratic. Liberalism fears that the granting of power opens the door to corruption and the abuse of those powers. There are certain difficulties and challenges in classical liberalism.
According to Robert Reich, “The liberal ideal is that everyone should have fair access and fair opportunity. This is not equality of result. It's equality of opportunity. There's a fundamental difference.” Liberals are also concerned about the concentration of wealth because it almost inevitably leads to a concentration of power that can destroy democracy.
Progressivism was a broad-based movement that emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in United States. It was a response to the social and economic challenges brought about by industrialization, urbanization, and immigration. Progressives believed that government had a responsibility to intervene in the economy and society to protect the right of workers, consumers, and other vulnerable groups. The movement was characterized by a wide range of social and political reforms, including regulation of business practices, expansion of democracy, conservationism, and social welfare programs. Progressives were also concerned with moral and cultural issues such as Prohibition, which sought to reduce the harms associated with alcohol consumption.
In 1897, under the guidance of of president’s Willian McKinley, the United States had the victory over the Spanish and American war in 1898. During this time, the American empire invaded Puerto Rico, Guam, Hawaii and the Philippines and became a big American Imperialism in U.S history. The United States decided to make Puerto Rico and Guam became an insular area under the sovereignty of the United States, organized territory but not incorporated in the United States. Hawaii became a parts of the U.S and last Philippines had rules under by the U.S for many years before gave them the right to self-government.
The Progressive Era and The New Deal Liberalism Era were two very important eras in American History. Progressives contended that old ways of governing and doing business did not address modern conditions. Theodore Roosevelt believed that big businesses were America’s next step to success, consequently he also believed that these big businesses needed to be overseen to ensure greed did not get out of hand. “Then we have the New Deal Liberalism where President Franklin Delano Roosevelt referred broadly to providing a “new deal” and bringing to the White House “persistent experimentation.” New Deal Liberalism would mainly provide relief, put millions of people to work, raise prices for farmers, extend conservation projects, revitalize America’s
Liberal ideology believe that the government is the best entity to ensure justice, equality as well as create opportunities for America. Liberals strive to protect individual’s rights, but allow the government to interfere in the social and economic aspect in American families. Liberals tend to focus on the reason criminals commit crimes, and contribute crime to poverty, unemployment, poor education as well as unequal opportunities. Liberals believe that most of the law enforcement community is focused on the poor and disqualified, and prejudices apply in the criminal justice system.
In The Rise of Conservatism in America, Story and Laurie have gathered different articles, newspaper sources, interviews, and addresses into a volume of documents that reflected the sudden increase of conservative values throughout American history. More historical figures spoke and pointed out the flaws of liberalism as it dominated the government until the early 1960s. As these documents point out the wrongs of liberalism, it also explains why the nation needed to reintroduce itself to conservatism. While both liberals and conservatives’ purpose was to find the best possible way for America to function, the conservatives sought out plans for traditionalism and in order to preserve the original wording of the United States’ democracy in response
