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Merchants in the medieval times
Economic causes of the crusades
What was an effect of feudalism & manorialism in europe during the middle ages
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The 4th crusades were a wasteful and destructive event that resulted only in further dividing the Christian World. Constantinople in 1204 was a savagely taken with many lives lost. Crusading lost much of its appeal for most Europeans, Jerusalem remained under Muslims' control. Document 1 states that.
In 1095 on November 27 in Clermont,France, Pope Urban the II called for a Crusade to help the Byzantines and free the city of Jerusalem. The official start date was set as August 15, 1096. This order little did he know would be the cause of a battle that turned into 9 war’s that last for nearly 200 years. This event in history clearly has a outcome that is way more negative than positive. Have you ever imagined being in the middle of a 200 year war people dropping like flies just because of an argument over one city?
Another contributing factor was the accumulation of wealth, especially among the merchants involved. Empires and smaller states that directly were benefited from the trade sustained the commerce. . Also with the invention of new technology
DBQ: Question: Were the Crusades caused primarily by religious devotion or by the desire for political and economic gain? Document Usage: Political (3, 6), Economic (3, 4, 6) Counter: Religious (1, 2, 5). The Middle East was the powerhouse of the world, and due to Rome collapsing Europe lost some of their power. Christians desired missionaries and more power, they noticed the wealth in Dar-Islam and wanted it for themselves.
The economic impact, positive effects, and a bit of the legacy greatly influenced the crusades and the future. The merchants in Venice created a group of large ships in order to travel to the holy land carrying crusader. Later on, they used these same fleets in the Crusaders' states to open up markets so the merchants could sell and trade their items. The Italian merchants traded items such as “sugar, cotton, rice, and muslin” (document 2). This economically impacted how people live and created a lot of economic activity and trading routes.
1) The Albigensian Crusade is an example of one religion trying to remove the threat of another religion out of fear that one ideology would affect the other. This crusade is called to be one of the first genocides in European history for its gruesomeness and lack of humanistic behaviours. The Catholics of Northern France set up military campaigns to remove the perceived threat in Southern France. That threat to the Catholics at the time was the spread of Catharism.
Although the Crusades failed the Holy Land, they had a lasting outcome on the way the Europeans lived. This is (important/interesting/relevant) because When the Crusaders returned they Europe they had brought back spices, sugar, and silk; many nobles and merchants enjoyed the new products and wanted more of them Document 2 states that Merchants in Venice and other northern Italian cities built large fleets to carry crusaders to the Holy Land. And later used those fleets to open new markets in the Crusaders’
As merchants travelled from city to city in Europe and in the Middle East, they had to change money from one currency to another. Manorialism was a huge aspect of economic in Europe. It is the name for the organization of the economy in the Middle Ages. The economy relied mainly on agriculture. Manorialism describes how land was distributed and who profited from the land.
The end of the 11th century was the beginning of the first campaign called Crusade, which was later followed by other crusades. It was a period of great fighting for the lands and religious ideologies between Christians and Muslims. In other words it was a period of big changes, when thousands of peasants and soldiers died and a lot of towns were devastated. The first crusade was the biggest movement of Christians to Holy land. In comparison with other campaigns it was the most successful.
The crusaders looted every city they passed, compiling anything that could be of economic interest to them. Adding to that, even
The Crusades were successful failures because they did not meet many of their goals, but left lasting effects. The Crusades was an attempt by the Roman Catholic Church to regain the Holy Lands from the Muslims. They believed they were fighting for god and all sins would be forgiven and defend the Byzantine Empire from the Turks. The first Crusade (1096 -1099) was successful for the Christians because they had a clear and organized religious based purpose. Crusaders the Christian armies were able to hold Jerusalem and in the process led to a massacre of Jews.
When Rome started to lose power and wars, their land decreased making trade harder to achieve. However, these changes and
Knighthood was and remains a central concept associated with the Crusades. As Cistercian abbot Bernard of Clairvaux described in an exhortation of knighthood, knights were a unique class of warrior defined by chivalry: “It seems that a new knighthood has appeared on this earth. indeed, danger or victory for a Christian depends on the disposition of his heart and not on the fortunes of war.” In 11th-century Christendom, knighthood became an important role, ranking among members of the church and near the top of the social hierarchy. In the 12th century, a “new knighthood” emerged.
Trades were beginning to branch off to other parts of the world. Europe began trading with Asia and likewise. Merchants came and went through major cities and towns, selling their riches and wealth (Doc. 4). “The manor was the economic side of feudalism” (Doc. 2). “The manor included not just farmers, but also artisans who provided for the needs of the manor, a chapel , forest for hunting, and pasture land to farm animals” (Doc. 2).
Manorialism was practiced by the medieval society. This included economies that were based on agriculture and this minimized trade outside Europe. The Byzantine Empire possessed the bridge that linked Europe to the other parts of the globe. This created an avenue for international trade which was transacted via the bridge. This made Byzantine Empire the richest in Europe (Holmes, 2001).
