Darwin studied Botany at the Cambridge University and was later offered to travel on the HMS Beagle which travelled around the globe to explore. One of the placed they travelled to, the Galapagos Islands, held many treasures for him as it was small and was rich with fauna and flora. He had many opportunities to observe the plants and animals on this island. One of the species he observed, were the Galapagos finches. He noticed that each breed of finch had different beak sizes. The finches with smaller beaks mainly ate the nectar from plant while the lager beaked finches ate harder and bigger seeds and fruits.
When he returned to England, he only much later published a book on his findings which was a big hit and an instant best seller. Darwin
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He indeed was correct about his fear as many religious people did not accept or appreciate his work. They were against it and were not open minded as they only believed what their religion taught them. Even scientists did not approve of his findings as “many naturalists rejected transmutation or species and believed that species had been created much as they looked in his day”.
Darwin's theory of natural selection does not impact modern science as much because his theory was not very accurate and had many flaws. But his theory of natural selection did help modern science to improve his theory and to correct the flaws. However his “ideas represented a fundamental shift in how biology was understood through his introduction of the idea of natural selection. This concept has led to numerous breakthroughs in our understanding of everything from disease control to computer science.”
These mutations may be good, detrimental or have neutral effects. Mutations can help with reproductive success in helping the species survive better and evolve so they do not go extinct. Natural Selection will determine whether or not the mutation will be passed down. Some traits humans have are totally neutral and have no effect on their survival at all for example, eye