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Write An Essay On Kant's Deontologism

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Deontology is an ethical or moral duty, commitment, or obligation that is sometimes guided by the rule which binds every individual to discharge and contributes to self, others, and the society. It is the study of nature and a call to responsibility. In the metaphysics of what is morally wrong or right, I think Kant fails to recognize what is morally good but the consequences that termed it wrong may exhibit benefit that is greater. Relating this to organ transplant, would we think it is morally good to terminate one life to save others? Ethically, weighing the benefit to the life expectancy of the recipient can be considered good but will be wrong in Kant’s deontologism. The author does not consider consequences of any action but only view …show more content…

The author’s utilitarian viewpoint considers the consequences of any action to determine if the act is ethical or not. The author based ethical actions to make many people happy. What is morally right depends on the measure to produce a great amount of happiness and the least amount of pain. In relating Mill’s theory into ethics in transplant, risk versus benefit is weighed to make a decision with the least negative consequences. In the case of an incarcerated individual’s serving a life sentence, pros and cons are viewed considering age, a possibility of parole, how much benefit will the patient receive from such an action, and the question if the prisoner would contribute to the community if released. A known alcoholic individual who is engaged in a sedentary lifestyle without making a positive change should not receive an organ transplant because it would be a waste according to an as utilitarian view of the resultant consequences. The celebrity who no longer contribute to the society cannot be considered for the scarce resource due to the consequences that outweigh the happiness of one individual. Organ transplants are valuable, and it's considered to yield the best returns (Baillie, McGeehan, Garrett, & Garrett, 2013, p.

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The text serves the people that need kidney transplants and the ones who are willing to donate kidneys. Schulman’s approaches this essay in a unique way. She catches the reader’s attention by giving email samples sent to Markkula Center for Applied Ethics. They published an article “Kidneys for Sale” in 1988 addressing the ethical issues raised by the potential for a market in human body parts.

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The Choice of Life or Death Choosing between life or death is not a decision that you want to make. Of course pretty much everyone is going to choose life over death, but is some cases you don’t have that choice. In the article “Organ Sales Will Save Lives”, written by the author Joanna MacKay, she presents an argument about whether or not the sale of organs should be legalized. She builds her credibility by giving numerous facts, examples, and statistics on the argument. People die everyday waiting and hoping to get the call about finding a match for a kidney so that they can have a kidney transplant done.

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Dr. Schaller, a key player mentioned in this case, is closest to the deontological perspective. Not all of his views or actions align with this perspective, but his earlier views come the closest. “Right from the start, Schaller was uncomfortable about AHCCCS funding of transplants for several reasons. For one, he questioned whether a program with tight resources should be spending its money on high dollar, high risk procedures. After all, AHCCCS was intended as a general health program for the genuinely poor…[Schaller stated that the] AHCCS should provide ‘basic health care to poor people, not just cater to people who have real expensive health problems.”

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The first sentence of the article describes the author as a practicing psychiatrist who also taught at Yale and was a resident researcher at the American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, a nonprofit organization dedicated to the study of medical policy and mental health.. All of this gives us a lot of information about Sally Satel and shows her credibility as an advocate for the organ market over charity. We can trust her because of her training as a psychiatrist, her experience in the field of medical ethics and politics, and her work as a resident at a non-profit organization. She also is a kidney transplant patient herself! Describing the problem from personal experience.

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Some people are against organ donation in this world because there’s people waiting for a transplant. A man kills his wife, equalled up to fifteen stabs (Schlessinger). Then, he was rushed to the hospital to get a transplant because he tried to commit suicide by drinking rat poison (Schlessinger). Passing two thousand people on the New York transplant list and gets an organ before anyone else on the waiting list (Schlessinger). That whole situation is that he should’ve been at the end of the waiting list and waited like everyone else had to, but in my mind is that they only cared if he was gonna die or live.

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In the following essay I am going to first of all explain what J S Mill means by the statement on mankind’s way of living. I will do this by critically assessing his point of view, whilst adding the perspectives of other Philosophers. Subsequently I will analyze how a defender of Mill’s theory would answer the question of: Should assisted suicide be legal? Finally I will demonstrate my point of view on the question. I will conclude by summing up all the topics discussed.

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Marisol Alviso Professor Russell Moses CAPS 4360 19 June 2015 Should the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) continue to allow direct to consumer advertising (DTCA)? I. Introduction Direct-to-consumer Advertising is directed to the general public to spread the word on pharmaceutical drugs and medical goods. This business has grown rapidly since 1997 and is now the biggest source of health communication that reaches the public (Ventola). Although DTCA has been legal in the United States since 1985 it wasn’t until the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) relaxed its regulations on DTCA in 1997 that the issue became more prominent.

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Even though assisted suicide was not discussed throughout the sixteen to eighteen hundreds, ethical philosophers investigated the roots of human morals in an attempt to create an overarching rule that would help determine if “death with dignity” is morally justified. One such philosopher is Immanuel Kant, who in his Metaphysics of Morals, argues his belief in deontological ethics. Kant believes that “good actions” are those that follow your moral duty based upon the categorical imperative. According to Kant, the categorical imperative is a golden rule that states that any moral action must be a part of the universal law.

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Deontology which is derived from the Greek words Deon (meaning obligation/duty) and logia (science/study) combined to be also known as duty or rule-based ethics or the study of duties or obligations. It is a branch of ethical theories that deals with ethics of conduct, which theories are based on the sort of actions people must perform. It is based on non-consequentialism where the ends do not justify the means and thus deontology is an approach to ethics in which a sense of duty or principle prescribes the ethical decision (Preston, 2007). Deontology affirms duties must be obeyed regardless of the consequences. The theory of Deontology has its flaws as well and this essay will present three criticisms of deontology namely that deontology relies on moral absolutes, allows acts that make the world a worse place, two permissible duties that are right can conflict with each other and will demonstrate these flaws with relevant case studies and dilemmas.

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Autonomy is a person ability to lead a self-directing life. Unlike egoism and utilitarianism, Kant’s deontology looks into how the information was gather to determine if its ethical to use. Because of the focus on how the information was gather Kant ’s deontology would consider the using of the information as unethical.

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As a Kantian, the ultimate goal is to focus on our maxims and not on how much pain or pleasure the act could possibly produce. So as a result, Kant would argue that Jim should not kill the Indian man, even if it would save the other Indian men. The reason why is because Kant does not believe in using people as mere means, it wouldn’t be considered a conceivable maxim, and it would be betraying a perfect duty. The definition of deontology is having the belief that you do what’s right because you have a moral duty.

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Utilitarianism’s consequence-driven ideology allows it to be manipulated to condone evidently immoral acts as appropriate if it benefits a majority group, as in the case of slavery (Anderson, 2004). Deontology, however, portrays all humans as equals and, thus, disregards immoral actions as a means to satisfy a majority. For example, the killing of a single man to aid several transplants would be justified by utility but is abolished by Deontology due to its irrational premises. Conclusion

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The theory of deontology states we are morally obligated to act in accordance with obvious set of principles and rules regardless of results. Deontological ethics focuses on duties, and rights. The term deontological was coined by the utilitarian philosopher Jeremy Bentham, who described it as “knowledge of what is right or proper” Bentham thought that deontology points in the direction of principle of utility. But contemporary philosophers use the term deontological to indicate a contrast with the utilitarian focus on the consequences of action. Instead of focusing on consequences, deontological ethics focus on duties and obligation: things we ought to do regardless of the consequences.

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In other words, if a person acts only out of duty and not self-interest, their action is morally justifiable regardless of what the consequence may be. As you can see, this belief is different from the utilitarian who mainly focuses on the end result of an act or the consequences of the

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Margarita Rodriguez Philosophy of Nursing Millers College of Nursing October 16, 2015 How does deontology relate to an individual nurse?s professional practice of nursing? According to the American Nurses Association, Deontology, an ethical theory founded by Immanuel Kant, applies judgments based on the underlying morality, or the rightness or wrongness of an action. It is based upon adherence to rules.

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