Freud's work began in the 1880s when he tried treating behavioral disorders. He treated these disorders by allowing his patients to talk about their problems while he listened to them. Through his work, he claimed that one’s unconscious affects their behaviours. He discovered that desires and internal conflicts stem from three areas: The id: the part of the unconscious mind that is the source of instinctive impulses → For example: fears and meeting basic needs
Before diving into a psychological analysis, Freudian methods must be explained. Freudian Psychology is defined as “Psychology relating to or influenced by Sigmund Freud and his methods of psychoanalysis, especially with reference to the importance of sexuality in human behavior” (PsychologyToday.com). This definition, in simpler terms, means that it is the study of the sexual motives behind a person’s actions. Abigail Williams is
Nancy Ibarra Psy 2 10/12/2017 Dr. Aizon There are many paradigms in psychology such as structuralism, cognitive, psychoanalysis, behaviorism which is the most common and of course humanistic psychology. These were very important to psychologists, it helped understand and identify different aspects of life. From the way one behaves to the way they think, see and hear. The way we feel and act turns out to be a big part of our mind.
The psychodynamic comes from Freud’s psychodynamic theory that said that people's behavior and personality come from unconscious energy within the mind. It also includes that individuals have a defense mechanism that the ego uses, so individuals don’t get unconscious anxiety or threatening thoughts to enter their minds. Another part of psychodynamic is that sexual impulse play a major part in personality. Some of the advantages of this theory is that it gives importance to childhood experiences, and that many theories have revise it, that it has become less controversial over time. Disadvantages to this theory is that it focuses to much on sexual impulses.
Psychodynamic approach Psychodynamic approach relates the development of the personality over time influenced by events in the patient’s past. This approach focuses on the psychology of mental or emotional forces or processes developing especially in early childhood and their effects on behaviour and mental states (rewrite) Psychosexual stages Sigmund Freud was an Austrian physician who was the founding father of the psychodynamic approach. Freud proposed that psychological development in childhood takes place in a series of fixed stages, these are called psychosexual stages. The first stage of Freud’s theory is called the Oral Stage which begins at birth to about age 1 ½, this stage is characterized by an oral pleasure such as eating,
Freud was inspired by this theory and believed that the mind has many flows. One of the strengths of psychodynamic intervention for is its capacity to identify underlying issues such as resentment and anger that may have their genesis in early childhood familial experiences. Secondly, psychodynamic therapy "places heavy emphasis on patients ' relationships and interpersonal experience" (Shedler, 2010, para.
Although most psychologists today define psychology as the scientific study of behavior and mental processes, there are different perspectives for them. There are seven major perspectives in psychology: biological, behaviorism, cognitive, humanistic, psychodynamic, sociocultural,
There are four main perspectives in psychology. These are known as; biological perspective, learning perspective, cognitive perspective, and sociocultural perspective. Each perspective aids in the understanding of human behavior. However, not one perspective can explain all of human behaviors. This is due to each perspective playing different roles in ones behavior.
Psychoanalytic Theoretical Views Name of theory: Psychoanalytic Theory Founder of the theory: Sigmund Freud View of human nature (include innate capacities/capabilities and motivational constructs): Sigmund Freud viewed human nature as being deterministic and influenced by both sexual energy and instincts (Corey, 2017). He further identifies that soon after birth instincts drive our desire and force internal motivations into the reality of which we live. Although unconscious desires are the driving forces of existence in the beginning, it does not remain the only force through out our lives. We begin to develop into a conscious being as we recognize the world around us. Our external world introduces the conscious mind by showing us moral code, paternal expectations, and presumptions of societal ideology.
The two well-known theories are Sigmund Freud’s psychosexual theory and Erik Erikson’s psychosocial theory. Both the theories are correlated with slight differences. They both believed that human development occurs in a series of stages. Sigmund Freud’s psychosexual theory is discussed more about sex. Erik Erikson’s psychosocial theory is based on the social experiences.
Nonetheless, it had a significant impact on new theories that were later developed. In the mid to late 1900’s, a second wave of psychoanalytic theories were introduced. These new theories branched from Freud’s original idea that an individual’s behavior and personality are largely shaped by underlying unconscious forces, however, the second wave was modified to be more sophisticated and dynamic. The wide majority of Freud’s followers had no problem accepting the idea that conflicts during infancy affect the experiences of an adult, thus, affecting their future personality features. However, the second wave of psychoanalysis emphasizes interpersonal relationships rather than sexual feelings, accepts the study of the conscious mind, and contains a wider variety of explanations.
Psychoanalytic Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) is reflected as the forefathers of psychology and founder of psychoanalysis. Based on Freud’s theories, psychoanalytic therapy is a type of treatment that tends to observe at the background from early childhood to perceive if these situations have affected the individual’s life, or to current issues. (Counselling Directory, 2014) This therapy discovers how the unconscious mind empowers thoughts and behaviors, with the purpose of offering insight and resolution to the person seeking therapy. This form of therapy is a long-term treatment whereby it can take duration up to weeks, months or even years depending on the complexity of the patient being explored.
Critiques of Freud’s psychosexual theory of development The biggest criticism of Freud’s theory is that it is too much focused on human sexuality. Many psychologists say that when Freud create this theory, he mainly collected information about his adult patients not through observations or study of children. Instead of conducting empirical researches he based this theory upon case studies. Additionally, Feminists believe that it is excessively dependent upon male perspectives and very rarely Freud has related and communicated the female desires.
This theory stresses that early experiences with parents shape one’s development. Freud is best known for his psychoanalytic theory. Freud believed that sexual motivation was behind development, so his 5 stages of development are known as psychosexual stages. Erikson believed that there were 8 stages of development as we go through life. According to Freud, the primary motivation for human behavior is sexual in nature and our basic personality is shaped in the first five years of life.
Erikson's psychosocial theory. Sigmund Freud's psychosexual theory and Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory are two important theories on human growth and development. These theories are not only concerned with development of infants and children, they also emphasizes the development of adolescence, adulthood and entire life span. Sigmund Freud's psychosexual development
