Limitations Of Psychodynamic Approach

Psychodynamic approach

Psychodynamic approach relates the development of the personality over time influenced by events in the patient’s past. This approach focuses on the psychology of mental or emotional forces or processes developing especially in early childhood and their effects on behaviour and mental states (rewrite)

Psychosexual stages

Sigmund Freud was an Austrian physician who was the founding father of the psychodynamic approach. Freud proposed that psychological development in childhood takes place in a series of fixed stages, these are called psychosexual stages. The first stage of Freud’s theory is called the Oral Stage which begins at birth to about age 1 ½, this stage is characterized by an oral pleasure such as eating,

Determinism suggests that psychodynamic approach determines that behaviour is already pre- determined by our personality and example would be through the psychosexual stages.

This contemporary approach also lacks scientific validation, many concepts proposed in this approach cannot be directly observed or scientifically measured. Another weakness within the psychodynamic approach is that it rejects the idea of free

Abraham Maslow is the main theorist in helping develop the Humanistic approach and is known for developing Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. The hierarchy of needs is a systematic arrangement of needs, according to priority, in which basic needs must be met before less basic needs are stimulated (https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/hide-and-seek/201205/our-hierarchy-needs & Weiten.W. 2010 ). In 1943, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is comprised of five tire model of human needs beginning with the basic: survival. Physiological needs, such as food and shelter, are followed by needs related to safety. Next, there are needs of love and belonging. Fourth, humans have needs of esteem, such as the need for being respected. The final need in the hierarchy is the need for self-actualization (fulfilling one's potential). The hierarchy suggests that basic needs must be met prior to less basic needs; for example, a starving person will seek food before self-actualization (http://www.learning-theories.com/maslows-hierarchy-of-needs.html - Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - Learning Theories. 2014).

• Self-actualization – includes morality, creativity, problem solving, etc.

• Esteem – includes confidence, self-esteem, achievement, respect, etc.

• Belongingness – includes love, friendship, intimacy, family, etc.

• Safety – includes security of environment, employment, resources, health, property, etc.

• Physiological – includes air,