The investigation was carried out to identify the presence or absence of biological molecules in serum 2216. If the concentration in each test tube of the dilutions carried out will be more concentrated then the concentration of the test tube before it, then the color will be at an equal concentration with the other dilutions performed. The hypothesis was wrong because of the difference in concentrations due to the different measurements within the dilutions done. The test for starch was to add a drop of iodine solution to the pipette in the spotting tile. A reducing sugar solutions is add inside a test tube with 3 drops to then add 3 drops of benedicts and plane in a water bath.
Titration is the basis of the Titration Lab because the goal of the lab was to titrate. Titration is determining the concentration of a solution by neutralizing it with another known concentration. We titrated the NaOH in the HCl. The titration caused a
Procedures In this experiment, an unknown mixture was given, that contained both sodium bicarbonate(NaHCO3) and sodium chloride(NaCl). The purpose of this experiment was to find the percent (%) composition of the sodium bicarbonate and sodium chloride in the unknown mixture. Hydrochloric acid(HCl) and a scale were materials that were also used during the lab.
Research Question: To investigate and compare how different temperature (5℃, 15℃, 25℃, 35℃, 45℃) can affect the concentration of carbon dioxide in soda water through titration with sodium hydroxide solution. Introduction: Carbon dioxide plays an important role in soft drinks. Soda water is manufactured by pumping carbon dioxide into water under high pressure. Carbon dioxide dissolves in water to form carbonic acid, which is the fizz we find in soft drinks. CO2 + H2O ⇌
ABSTRACT Due to the potential harmful effects of the glacial acetic acid, a commonly used diluting fluid for manual WBC count, the researchers proposed to use commercially-prepared ascorbic acid to lyse the red blood cells while maintaining the morphology of the white blood cells. This study aimed to compare the capability of commercially-prepared ascorbic acid as a lysing agent in a diluting fluid to glacial acetic acid. Specifically, this study aimed to compare their capabilities in lysing red blood cells, maintaining white blood cell morphology and white blood cell count.
In recent research studies, the healing properties of oranges have been associated with a wide variety of phytonutrient compounds. these phytonutrients include citrus flavanones when it's combined with vitamin c the antioxidant properties are expected to be there but it's another molecule that makes the vitamin c stronges and it is the hesperidin molecule which has been singled out as the most important
This vitamin was designated "K" stemming from the German word for coagulation, or blood clotting. Although some Vitamin K is produced by intestinal bacteria, the majority is obtained from dietary sources. The human body requires this vitamin to produce functional blood clotting proteins, in particular Factor II (prothrombin), as well as Factors VII, IX, and X. Each of these proteins is a serine protease, an enzyme that cleaves certain peptide bonds in its target protein(s). As it turns out, these particular clotting factors must bind calcium in order to become fully activated. The ability to bind calcium, in turn, requires that these proteins undergo a modification at certain glutamate residues known as gamma carboxylation.
Starch solution is then placed into the test tube at a quantity of 5 mL. 5 drops of Lugol’s Iodine solution is added to the test tube. If the color changes, then it is known that starches are present in the solution. Proteins are next tested. In order to do this, 5 mL of gelatin solution is added to the test tube. 10 drops of Biuret’s reagent are added to test for protein.
Both types of antioxidants are needed for the body to maintain and develop good health. However, when there are more free radicals than antioxidants, cell disruption can occur ("Understanding Free Radicals And Antioxidants"). This is one of the reasons that it is important to eat plenty of antioxidant rich foods, especially fruits and vegetables. Vitamin C, a water-soluble vitamin, destroys free radicals as a non-enzymatic antioxidant. This means that the body can’t make vitamin C independently; it must come from an outside source, such as food or supplements (Pham-Huy, He, Pham-Huy).
In this experiment, antioxidants and vitamins were involved. Antioxidants are molecules which can safely interact with free radicals and terminate the chain reaction before vital molecules are damaged. Although there are several enzyme systems within the body that scavenge free radicals, the principle micronutrient (vitamin) antioxidants are vitamin E, beta-carotene, and vitamin C. Additionally, selenium, a trace metal that is required for proper function of one of the body 's antioxidant enzyme systems, is sometimes included in this category. The body cannot manufacture these micronutrients so they must be supplied in the diet. Free radicals are atoms or groups of atoms with an odd (unpaired) number of electrons and can be formed when oxygen
Also, vitamin E is a very important component in the lungs for oxidation prevention due to the organs’ high interaction with oxygen. Adequate intake of this antioxidant is also beneficial for the heart since it minimalizes the harmful effects of low-density lipoproteins by blocking the oxidation of the specific cholesterol. Lastly, other functions of vitamin E include the enhancement of the immune system as well as vitamin A absorption. Vitamin C is classified as an antioxidant which means it is capable of converting free radicals to less harmful substances through the process of reduction. Also, vitamin C is essential for collagen production which is a protein that is significant for the framework of the body especially for the skin, blood vessels, teeth, bones, tendons and ligaments.
Column chromatography set-up After setting up the column, 2 10-ml of the chosen solvent was obtained and was placed in two separate test tubes. Using a dropper, ~0.5 mL of the food dye was put into the column by dropping it at the side of the column in a circular motion. The chosen solvent was then added just after the green food
Process of vitamin D deficiency treatment Vitamin D is not a true vitamin, as individuals with adequate exposure to sunlight do not require dietary supplementation. Vitamin D is present in our bodies in two forms Cholecalciferol and ergosterol. Vitamin D3, cholecalciferol is generated in the skin of animals when light energy is absorbed by a precursor molecule 7-dehydrocholesterol. It does not have significant biological activity until it should be metabolized within the body to the active form of the hormone called 1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in both the liver and Kidney.
To identify the unknown acid. 4. To determine acid dissociation constant, Ka and pKa for the unknown acid. Introduction: Titration process is used in an acid-base experiment in order to determine the concentrations of solutions of acids and bases.
That caused a new initial reading of NaOH on the burette (see Table1 & 2). The drops were caused because the burette was not tightened enough at the bottom to avoid it from being hard to release the basic solution for titrating the acid. The volume of the acid used for each titration was 25ml. The volume of the solution was then calculated by subtracting the initial volume from the final volume. We then calculated the average volume at each temperature.
