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Difference Between Classical And Classical Theory

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1) Compare and contrast The Classical Theory and The Modern Theory of International trade.
CLASSICAL THEORIES.
It is also known as the Theory of comparative costs. According to this theories, each country specializes in production. It should export the produced goods in which it has a greater comparative disadvantage.
Classical Theory is based on the following assumptions:
a) There are only two countries and they produce two goods.
b) Labor is the only factor of production and the cost of production is measured in terms of labor units.
c) Product is the subject to law of constant return.
d) All units of labor are homogeneous.
e) The factors of production are perfectly mobile within the country but are perfectly immobile between two countries.
f) There is constant full employment in the two countries concerned.
According to Ricardo, classical theory is the sole cause of international trade. The theory, means that a country is in a position to produce both the goods at a cheaper cost than the competing country, yet it is a huge comparative advantage in the production of the other good(s).

MODERN THEORY.
It is also referred to as The New Trade Theory. It is a collection of economic modes of International trade that focuses on the role of increasing returns to sale and network effect, which were developed in the late 1970s and 1980s.
This theory suggests that;
In industries with high fixed costs;
a. Specialization increases the output, and the ability to enhance the increase
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