location and on the same seismograph. The Richter Scale difference was an increase of one. Water play a significant role in ground failure during an earthquake. The water is place into spaces and create a rhyme for the earthquake. The water can also spread the grain apart and to start a massive slide downward. Liquefaction is a earthquake soil is stable and become liquidized and return to a solid mass again. Liquefaction can severely damage roads, buildings, and sediment.
Chapter 4: Earthquake Predictions, Forecast, and Mitigation
The extent is accurate in predicting an earthquake in the shifting any activity. It’s not 100 percent accurate but due to technology resources we are at least 70 percent. That an earthquake is coming. The science is there in registering the magnitude activity it’s pretty much hard to be exact. Earthquakes can be monitored not predicted. The movement in fault is a precursor of letting us know an earthquake is coming. Foreshocks is an indicator that an earthquake is coming. The magnetic fields in the faults can be measure and monitor any activity. The levels of the radon and magnetic fields changes can be monitored. The elevation in the ground that changes can monitored for earthquake activity. A major fault having a minor activity than the neighboring is a seismic gap. His seismic gaps will be more to happen in large
Question Set 7
A) What types of methods and tools are used to measure, document and analyze ancient fault activity along the San Andreas Fault and its associated faults? For example, how do geologists determine how long a fault has been active, how often it ruptures, its relative offset motion, and how much offset? Note that the term "ancient" means fault activity that occurred thousands to millions of years ago - long before seismologists were around.
Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale: Measures the intensity of an earthquake
Richter Scale: Used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake
(Tarbuck, 2013)
A tragic thing was that after the earthquake a multitudes of fire followed right after. The situation led to the water mains being destroyed and the firefighter being left with no water to settle the growing
Earthquakes. They shake buildings, they wobble structures, they dismantle even the most stable construction. They leave people without homes, destroy possessions. The San Francisco earthquake in 1906 left at least half of the population homeless.
The text asserts that there were no sweeping fires to blame, only the earthquake. This event led to the first major legislative initiative in California to recognize seismic issues: the Field Act of 1933. Steinberg contends that although this was a step in the right direction, seismic enlightenment was still difficult. The author notes that regardless of awareness, many built in areas vulnerable to harmful seismic activity (i.e. near fault lines). The author also states that California is not the only area prone to earthquakes and that typically the poor suffer more from these events wherever they happen.
However, some strides are being made to better prepare for earthquakes and tsunamis. As of this year, the Pacific Northwest’s warning system for earthquakes is getting its first public test. The Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) was introduced during a workshop in February as a potential emergency planning and response system. Now it is going to be introduced to the public in preparations for any upcoming earthquakes. Similar systems are used around the globe and been proven to be extremely effective.
In San Francisco on April 18, 1906 at about 5:13 am a HUGE earthquake hit recorded as a 7.7-7.9 . Damaging buildings from left to right. Many poorly structured buildings collapsed causing 500 million dollars in total damage (1906 money) translated to about 8.2 billion dollars today.
It was recorded that most buildings immediately caught fire which trapped the victims, about 25,000 buildings were burnt down from the fire, a total of about 490 blocks.
The story of Vasquez Rock Natural Park located in Agua Dulce, California began in 1874 when Tiburcio Vasquez a Californian bandit used the rocks to escape being capture by law enforcements. Due to the impact that Tiburcio created in the nearby communities the park was name after him. By 1970 the Los Angeles County Government acquired the rights to the park, but it was not until 1972 that the park was added to the National Registry of Historic Places. At the begging of its creation the park was populated by its first habitants the Tataviam Indians until the intrusion of the Spaniards. The Spaniards ruled the park and ruled the Indians until their death.
However, peculiarities of the lithosphere of the city can scare the newcomer. The city of San Francisco is in a high seismic activity zone, as very close are faults the San - Andreas (along the San Francisco Peninsula) and Hayward (on the eastern side of the bay). Small tremors come here often enough, but twice throughout its history (1906 and 1989) the city suffered the earthquake damage. The territory of San Francisco is a difficult terrain, as it has about fifty hills.
little movement from the tectonic caused big things such as earthquake, but what exactly is San Andreas Fault? San Andreas fault is major fracture of the Earth’s crust in extreme western north America (Brittanica). San Andreas fault have caused so many earthquakes in U.S.A, causing many destruction, and causing lost of lifes. Now, What made Northridge Earthquake so destructive? While the Northridge earthquake was happening Californian people couldn’t predict it (u-s-history.com).
The quivering began to intensify, causing belongings to fall in residents’ homes. It was the beginning of the 5.7-magnitude Oklahoma earthquake, which struck on November 6, 2011 and resulted in significant structural damage (“Oklahoma’s Largest Quake in Decades Buckles Highway; Rattles Residents,” CNN). A journalistic study—published in the journal Geology—conducted in 2013 showed that the 2011 earthquake was actually caused by fracking, a practice in which water is injected into the Earth’s ground (“Wastewater Injection
They have the same impact like secondary hazard. They are tsunamis, secondary hazard, that causes after the earthquake, tsunami had killed a lot of people and destroy area around there.
The effect for Valdivia earthquake are too big so they’re traveled across to the Pacific Ocean and traveled along to the southern Chile, Hawaii, Philippine, Japan and etc, with the speed are over than 200 miles per hour. While the effect for Alaska is also big, that why this incident which is caused tsunami and massive landslides are also affect a lot in Canada to Hawaii.
Recently, on January 7th 2016, there was an earthquake caused by fracking, in Oklahoma, where earthquakes are rare. This particular quake was a 4.8 on the Richter Scale, which is the highest ever recorded. It occurred in the center of the state, was felt all over. Also, within the past week, there have been more than 20 quakes all over the state. in recent years, since 2011, earthquakes have occurred more and more often.
I would like to find out if there is a threat of larger earthquakes, how the water table is effected, and what are the health effects. I have heard drinking water can be effected when wasted water is not properly disposed of, and it leaks into the water table. The population is then subject to certain health risks. I am sure fracking causes small earthquakes, but find myself a bit skeptical about the possibility of something larger, as nothing has happened so far that can be contributed to the fracking process.
These two plates push and shove each other causing small tremors throughout which
can cause landslides,volcanic eruptions and once in a couple years, quakes with devastating
results.
The strongest earthquake recorded occurred in 1991 with a measure of 7.6 on the Richter
scale. This earthquake left 4 dead and buildings as well as bridges and road were
completely destroyed. If another Earthquake occurs, the coastal cities would be the most
affected ones as they are closer to the plates.
The earthquake of 2010 was a 7.0 on the Richter Scale. This large earthquake caused the death of 230,000 people. This was due to poor building structure and little warning. There were too many bodies to move and so few people who were capable of moving them (due to injuries) that the bodies would just be piled up on roads and in city squares. As a result of the earthquake, a total of 10,000 children were left orphaned.
