Prior to 1550, the European continent was dominated by Catholicism and had been for centuries. However, Protestantism first introduced by Martin Luther had begun to make inroads in the Holy Roman Empire and Nordic countries. Despite the growing popularity of these new religions, the majority of monarchs saw religious diversity as a weakness. Instead, most rulers pursued Religious uniformity to ensure political stability and strength. Examples of monarchs attempting to achieve religious university abound from Charles V in the Holy Roman Empire and Spain, to Rome, and to England.
Previous to the year 1832, the English people had seen their House of Commons continuously pass bills and tariffs in which either hindered their civil rights or solely benefited the wealthier class. In the year 1815, the corn laws were passed, placing a huge tax over grains. Nobles benefited greatly because they owned lad that grew the grain. These laws created riots amongst the lower classed englishmen. Another law passed prior to the efforts of reform in 1832 was the six acts bill, in which suspended a person’s right to assemble and suspended hiatus corpus.
The Protestant Reformation in England, starting in 1534 with the Act of Supremacy led to a disheveled nation affected by many new policies implemented by King Henry the eighth. Catholics protested the new policies with the Pilgrimage of Grace lasting from October 1536 to February 1537. Concerning participants in the Pilgrimage of Grace was Thomas Cromwell’s subjective orders and the effects resulting from the King imposing his authority over the peasants. Participants in this march were vying for the restoration of Catholic traditions and ways of life. All of this was in response to those who were against this movement and were working to raise the Crown’s authority after being worried about an uprising or revolt against the Protestant King.
When Catholic emancipation failed, the dam broke. Revolution became the only option for the repressed in Ireland to achieve the equality that they now believed was an inalienable right. The decades of enlightenment ideas that had been flooding in from America and France finally came to a head in 1798 when the Irish attempted their own rebellion. However, it was not just American and French ideas that lead Ireland to war, the history is much more conjoined that that. Without the historical event of the American Revolution, Ireland would never have developed the national pride that was needed to attempt a
The government in England had significant control over their people in many areas, one of these areas being religion. The major religion in England during that time period was Roman Catholic. The Catholics and Protestants often times would try to ban each other’s religion. The people of the Protestant faith in order to get away from the Roman Catholic Church, migrated to America; since one of the drawing factors was the chance to practice their religious beliefs freely.
Religion had a role in every part of the region whether it be big or small. Another time when religion had impacted a colony or country was when Henry VIII had impacted Europe by creating an unstable connection between the church. He cut his connection with the church in order to divorce his wife Catherine. Now at this point in time whoever was the ruler of England would be able to change the main religion. This caused rebellions between religions on which is more important and which should be the main religion of England.
Christianity had remained over the centuries a missionary religion. The Catholic Church took this responsibility seriously, and as a result, Europe was overwhelmingly Catholic by 1450. Portugal was the first European kingdom to explore other lands. For most of the 16th century, the Portuguese dominated the Indian Ocean trade. Europeans conquered and claimed the territories and greatly increased their prosperity and power, and Christianity spread to a whole new hemisphere.
In the 1500’s England broke away from the Roman Catholic Church and formed its own church called the Church of England. However, the Pilgrims didn’t want to follow the new church. As a result, they were persecuted and harassed by followers of the new Church of England. For this reason, the Pilgrims and Puritans came specifically to America to practice their religious beliefs and to spread the gospel. The Pilgrims were a group of Puritans (English Protestants) who wanted to escape religious persecution in England.
The Spanish set off to find for people to convert to Catholicism. After finding the Aztecs, the Spanish monarchs believed it was their religious duty to assimilate the Aztecs to catholicism. One of the biggest reasons
The main battle that occurred in Ireland was that of Drogheda. Drogheda has been known as a controversial event and creates many debates about the intention of Cromwell . Cromwell’s routine while in Ireland was to border a fortress and either attack it or allow freedom to those who surrendered . The same concept applied to Drogheda, however, the Irish under Sir Arthur Aston did not surrender and attempted to fight the parliamentary forces. A number of experts on the subject believe that Cromwell was right to attack and kill the enemy because they would not surrender .
Any other religions were persecuted and looked down upon. The people of England fought the religious intolerance severely, but the rules never changed. Finally, an opportunity for religious freedom presented itself. The men and women who wanted religious freedom were allowed to travel to the new colonies that England had established in America and practice their religions there. The people took a risk and traveled to America.
Celtic Christianity and Roman Christianity are two worshiping traditions that share the same basic beliefs, but developed practices independently of each other. Christianity was brought to the British Isles in the first century, before it was sanctioned by the Roman Empire. When Rome adopted Christianity as its official religion in 391CE, the Romans began to proselytize the surrounding areas. The Roman church sent Ninian, who was later canonized, to convert the southern Picts. Saint Ninian discovered that the Celtic people already knew about Jesus, and had developed their own tonsure, rituals, and administrative order.
Introduction The signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty on December 6, 1921 brought the Irish War of Independence to conclusion, halting the guerrilla warfare between forces from the Irish Republic and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Unfortunately, the explicit terms of the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921 generated a mass amount of tension within Ireland, specifically between Irish Republicans. Ultimately, I believe the Irish Civil War came about as a conflict over whether or not to accept the terms of the Anglo-Irish Treaty. The war engaged in two forms of warfare—conventional and guerrilla—the first lasting from June to August of 1922 and the latter from September 1922 to April of 1923.
The Roman Catholic Church was an important and prominent aspect of Irish life in the early twentieth century. Where most of Western Europe had become secularized during the nineteenth century , Ireland remained steadfast in its faith, be it Roman Catholic or Protestant. However, at the time, more than ninety percent of the Irish population was Roman Catholic with the numbers of Protestants belonging to the Church of Ireland or Presbyterian and Methodist Churches falling from eight percent in the second half of the nineteenth century to less than three percent in 1981 (Inglis 63). As a result of the growth of the Roman Catholic Church, much of Irish politics and society was infused with starkly Catholic tones—so much that individual citizens and the nation
The Bishop Wars took place in Scotland and England, when Charles I tried to convert Scotland from Presbyterianism to Anglicanism. After invading Scotland twice, Charles I and English troops were defeated by the Scottish. This military blunder had effects in Ireland, where the English feared a Catholic revolt against the Crown and in early 1641 there were proposals to invade Ireland to subdue Catholicism in case an Irish Catholic army was planning to land in Scotland or England. The other factor that lead up to the 1641 Rebellion were the Plantations. The Plantations had left thousands of Irish without land or work, including clan leaders, and this left many Irish Catholics resentful towards the English crown.
