White Australia From The 1840s To The 1890s

The history of white Australia from the 1840s to the 1890s is influenced by the dramatic growth of economic activity, resulting from the expansion of the pastoral and mining industries and of the urban centers. The gold rushes of the 1850s provided some stimulus, especially in Victoria, but the important factors behind the sustained economic boom of 1860-90 was migration, British capital investment and active colonial participation in the development of public works, pastoral farming, mining, small-scale manufacturing and urban land transactions. One effect of the boom was the rapid urbanization of Australian society. By 1891, nearly one-third of Australia’s inhabitants lived in the colonial capital cities, and almost two-thirds lived in cities and towns; as a result, Australia had become the most urbanized country in the world.

In addition of the economic development, the language was changed from the original pattern of British English. At the end of the nineteenth

AustEng shows a degree of regional variation, particularly in vocabulary and pronunciation. Australian English typically has complex systems of nominal word-building morphology that involves suffixation between the root and case reflection, number, and affixation of gender on nouns. Additionally, pronouns are generally distinguished three persons and singular, dual, and plural number; in the first person nonsingular, there is an inclusive- exclusive contrast in about half of the language. Verbs morphologically distinguish between main verb and dependent verb inflections. Main verbs encode tense and mood categories, whereas dependent verbs occur in hypotactically linked clauses and mark relative