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Empirical Formula Lab Report Essay

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Empirical Formula of Magnesium Oxide - Lab Report Background Information/Introduction: The aim of this lab is to determine the empirical formula of magnesium oxide by converting magnesium to magnesium oxide. As an alkali earth metal, magnesium reacts violently when heated with oxygen to produce magnesium oxide and magnesium nitride as a byproduct. In order to obtain only magnesium oxide, distilled water was added so that magnesium nitride will react and convert to magnesium hydroxide. Further heating then oxidizes all of the magnesium into magnesium oxide. After the reaction is finished, the percentage composition of each element in the product can be found and used to calculate the empirical formula, which is the lowest whole number ratio …show more content…

But the difference was no bigger than 0.08, and after the values were rounded the same empirical formula was deduced. So the experiment can be concluded as successful. Evaluation: The method used was simple and easy to follow; however, it did not include how much oxygen was needed to react completely. Also it didn 't mention what magnesium oxide looked like after it finished reacting, so it was a guesswork of determining whether the reaction was finished or not. The data was handled accurately, values clearly labeled and calculated in the correct procedure. The procedure of reacting magnesium with oxygen was most likely the source of error. It is possible that the magnesium strip had not completely reacted with oxygen yet when I took the crucible off the burner and dropped distilled water into it. To improve this experiment, there could be better Bunsen burners: for some students, the fire was not strong enough so the magnesium strip did not glow and react. Also, there could be description or a standard time of how much oxygen should react with magnesium so that the exact mass of magnesium oxide could be

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Another possible source of error could come from the complete filtration of the precipitate (CuCO3). This would lead to lower measurement of the mass of CuCO3 and filter paper and a lower overall percent yield. In future experiments, to eliminate errors in the percent yield, the experiment should include multiple trials for more reliable data and a close actual percent yield to 100 percent. The experiment could also be performed with a higher grade filter paper to ensure most precipitates do not pass through to the filtered solution, leading to a more precise measurement of the mass of CuCO3 and filter paper and an overall more accurate calculation of the actual percent yield. The measured percent yield may have been affected by the errors,

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