Research Paper Endoplasmic Reticulum

Summary

Endoplasmic reticulum is a eukaryotic organelle that forms interconnected network of cisternae, vesicles and tubules within the cells[1,2]. There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum: rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum. The rough endoplasmic reticulum is covered with ribosomes in its membrane, these ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis[2]. The ribosome free endoplasmic reticulum also know as smooth endoplasmic reticulum, its functions including lipid synthesis, drug detoxification and regulation of calcium concentration[2,3,4]. Furthermore, the endoplasmic reticulum can be isolated from animal soft by centrifugation method and the production form isolation can be used to study the metabolism of lipid and the recovery

It is also a complex and large molecular machine which can be found in all living things[11]. Ribosomes consist of two major components, the small and large ribosome subunits. Each subunit is composed of a variety of proteins and it is also composed of one or more ribosomal RNA molecules[11,12]. The ribosomal RNA is created basic production of protein while subunits act as a carrier information. Although, the ribosome is the smallest organelle but its function is one of the most important functions of the cells[11]. It is responsible for synthesis many different proteins. There are two major types of ribosomes, free and membrane-bound ribosomes. Free ribosomes are floating around the cytosol of the cells while the membrane-bound ribosomes are attached to either nuclear envelope and endoplasmic reticulum. Moreover, both of these types of ribosomes are identical to each other in their

The process called protein quality control happened in the endoplasmic reticulum. This process is careful monitor to bind a sophisticated a quality control system[16]. The goal of this system is to identify and disjoint any proteins that are potentially problematic. And this appeared to be a critical process especially for multicellular microorganism that have a very long lifespan because if there is any defecation process the accumulation of misfolded protein would be accumulate to a detrimental level that impair of the wild ability of the organism. Because of that, quite often even wild type of proteins can be mistreated as misfolded of protein and get degraded and this simply because they make folds just a little slowly or entered to unfold