The hope of the coming of an eschatological Davidic king is found in many second-Temple Jewish texts, some of which are composite and difficult to date. The Old Testament messianic expectation, however, undergoes some further development. First, this Davidic king is explicitly said to be without sin. Second, based on messianic interpretation of 2 Sam 7:14; Ps. 2:7, the Davidic messiah comes to be designated as the "son of God." Third, the reference to "the one like a son of man" in Dan 7 develops into a pre-existent Messiah in 1 Enoch and 4 Ezra.
Finally, in certain second-Temple texts of probable Essenes provenance the idea developed that there would be two Messiahs, a Davidic and a priestly Messiah; the former would be the political and
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23:5: " 'Behold, the days are coming, ' declares Yahweh, 'when I will raise up for David a righteous branch; and he will reign as king and act wisely and do justice and righteousness in the land." The author also says that this Davidic king be "taught by God" (17:32) and be "powerful in the Holy Spirit, wise in the counsel of understanding, with strength and righteousness" (17.37), which is probably an allusion to Isa 11:2: "The spirit of Yahweh will rest on him, the spirit of wisdom and understanding, the spirit of counsel and strength, the spirit of knowledge and the fear of Yahweh." The author extrapolates from Isa. 11:2-3, and states about the eschatological Davidic king that, "His words will be purer than the finest gold" and "His words will be as the words of the holy ones, among the sanctified people" (17:43). This king will have knowledge comparable to that of the angels ("holy ones").
In addition, the eschatological Davidic king will be without sin: "And he himself will be free from sin, in order to rule a great people" (17:35). The Sinlessness of the eschatological Davidic king is a new element in messianic expectation of the second-Temple period, but one could argue that it is certainly implied in the messianic promises from the Old