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Essential Biology: Eukaryotic Cells

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Biology is the scientific study of life as defined in Essential Biology with Physiology. Through the study of life one will strive to see what organisms are made up of. Organisms are made up of cells. One cell of cells are the eukaryotic cell which make up most of an organism.
A Eukaryotic cell is, as defined in Essential Biology with Physiology, a type of cell that has a membrane-enclosed nucleus and other membrane-enclosed organelles. This definition shows that all organisms are made up of eukaryotic cells. An exception to this being bacteria and archaea (Simon, Dickey, Hogan, & Reece, 2010). In the cell itself there are many things that keeps it running.
One of these things that makes up a eukaryotic cell is a nucleus. A nucleus is an …show more content…

Ribosomes is a network of intertwined membranes made up of protein and RNA, ribonucleic acid, that create channels within the cell to transmit protein synthesis (Project, 2004). Ribosomes also contain enzymes that are sent throughout the cell to rid the cell of harmful chemicals such as drugs and pesticides (Project, 2004).
The ribosomes create protein for the rough ER (endoplasmic reticulum)membranes which are, as defined in Essential Biology and Physiology, a network of interconnected membranous sacs un the cell’s cytoplasm. The rough ER also builds membrane from phospholipids and protein (Simon, Dickey, Hogan, & Reece, …show more content…

This is a network of interconnected membranous tubules in the cell’s cytoplasm that does not have ribosomes. So the smooth ER uses enzymes to synthesize certain molecules, an example of the molecules that are synthesized are lipids (Simon, Dickey, Hogan, & Reece, 2010).
The Golgi apparatus are stacked membranes along with vesicles. Vesicles are small membrane surrounded bags that transfer materials from the rough ER (endoplasmic reticulum) to the Golgi apparatus. This means that the vesicles are shipping, storing and modifying materials in the Golgi apparatus from the rough ER (endoplasmic reticulum) (Project, 2004).
The respiration in a eukaryotic cell happens in the mitochondria. The mitochondria is enclosed by two concentric membranes which is where most of the eukaryotic cell’s ATP (adenosine triphosphate) are made (Simon, Dickey, Hogan, & Reece, 2010). The ATP (adenosine triphosphate) that is produced from the mitochondria is the energy the eukaryotic cell needs to keep thriving.
Lastly the Lysosomes are bound organelle that digest the proteins and membranes in the eukaryotic cell. It also digests materials such as waste from the cell itself ingested (Project, 2004). Lysosomes is the cleanup team that gets rid of any unwanted waste within the eukaryotic

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The mitochondrion is one of the most important organelles in eukaryotic cells. Widely referred to as the 'Powerhouse of the Cell', they are a feature present in all types of eukaryotic organisms including chloroplasts (only present in plants and algae). They are membrane enclosed organelles that consist of a smooth outer double membrane structure, the mitochondrial matrix and the narrow intermembrane space. Inside the mitochondria there are many folds called cristae. The outer membrane has many porin molecules on it that act as a filter, allowing small molecules, such as some proteins, to enter the intermembrane space but can't pass through to the impermeable inner membrane.

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The cytoskeleton of the eukaryote holds the cell together, and keeps the membrane from disintegrating. The cell wall in the prokaryote gives structure and support. Prokaryotes need the cell walls to give them shape, as they do not have a supporting skeleton on the inside (Jiskha Homework

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Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus, although they don’t have a nucleus they do have DNA. Prokaryotic cells can only be single celled; they also do not have any organelles. Although prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus, Eukaryotic cells do. A eukaryotic cell is simply found in humans. These cells can either be between the two of single cell or multicelluar.

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