Relebogile Moloko
1155553
Introductory life sciences
Assignment 1
Prokaryotes and eukaryotes are two different levels of cells. Prokaryotes are cells that do not have a membrane bound nucleus or organelles sounded by membranes and eukaryotes are cells that have a membrane bound nucleus as well as membrane bound organelle. They have obvious structural differences which result in differences functions and cell efficiency. From my research, I have observed that eukaryotes have structural advantages over prokaryotes. This essay will be discussing the differences in the two cells with reference to the metabolic processes and storage of genetic information.
The most obvious difference is the nucleus and the lack there of a nucleus. In prokaryotes, there is one long chromosome or circular DNA called the nucleoid. This results in the DNA being much simpler than
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Metabolic processes are very important in the cell. Most of these processes need to be facilitated by enzymes and macromolecules. Eukaryotic cells have membrane bound organelles which facilitate most of the metabolic processes, while prokaryotes do not have membrane bound organelles and metabolic processes occur in the cytoplasm. Both cells types have ribosomes; however they do not have the same structure. The ribosomes of a eukaryote contain more protein and less RNA than inside the ribosomes of prokaryotes. The ribosomes are also larger in eukaryotes and are able to be bound to the endoplasmic reticulum. The endomembrane system allows for the proteins to be more complex as they are able to mature, become modified and are transported around and outside the cell. The endomembrane system allows for the increase of surface area and the storage and synthesis of macromolecules. Prokaryotes do not have an endomembrane system therefore protein synthesis and storage of macromolecules occurs in