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Ethical Standards: The Milgram Experiments

419 Words2 Pages

The Milgram Experiment, conducted by Stanley Milgram in 1963, helped to support the idea that people will obey figures in authority, even if it means compromising their morals and/or other people’s lives. In this experiment, Milgram partnered participants with an actor to assume the roles of a “teacher” and “learner,” although these roles appeared to be randomly assigned, the actor would always assume the role as the “learner” and the participant was the “teacher.” The participants were told to test the learner’s ability to recall pairs out of 4 possible words and if the learner failed to do so, a faux shock would be administered to the learner who claimed to have a heart condition and was trained to get multiple answers wrong. Eventually, …show more content…

8.02a refers to a participant’s right to discontinue participation in an experiment. In the Milgram Experiment, the participants were denied of their right and pressured to continue with the experiment by the scientists if they initially protested. These clearly relate as the Milgram Experiment clearly denied the participants of their right given to them in the American Psychology Association Ethical Standards, thereby violating not only their specific right to discontinue service, but their overall informed consent right including a participant’s right to know any potential risks and adverse effects which cause a participant to discontinue participation. Besides 8.02a, the Milgram Experiment violated 8.07b which states that deceptions used in experiments cannot severely harm participants emotionally or physically. This experiment deceived participants into believing that they were actively harming and/or killing the learner obviously severely harmed the participants emotionally. In the documentary, the participants displayed severe distress as they protested against continuing with the experiment, but were constantly pressured by the scientist to continue with it against their

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How Did Stanley Milgram Study Unethical

1053 Words | 5 Pages

Stanley Milgram’s 1963 Study of Disobedience was unethical, based upon scholarly research. Stanley Milgram (1933-1984) is, perhaps, best known for his research studies into disobedience, referring to a person’s following of rules (or instructions) received from an individual viewed as an authority figure. Milgram’s Study of Obedience also analyzed the effects of peer pressure. In Milgram’s study, forty males between the ages of 20 and 50, representing all types of vocations, were recruited and then reimbursed $4.50 for their participation in an alleged learning study (Holah-Psychology, n.d.). The study’s goal was to investigate what extent of obedience would be demonstrated when study participants were told by an individual perceived as an authority figure to shock another person (Holah-Psychology, n.d.) whenever the study “learner” made an error.

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Stanley Milgram's The Perils Of Obedience

1014 Words | 5 Pages

Like Psychologist Diana Baumrind did so in her article “Review of Stanley Milgram’s Experiments”. Where she makes it very clear that she disagrees with causing individuals stress and discomfort. In her article, Baumrind states “It is potentially harmful to a subject to commit, on the course of an experiment, acts which he himself considers unworthy, particularly when he has been entrapped into committing such acts by an individual he has reason to trust” which in this case the trustworthy individual would be Stanley Milgram. Baumrind also worried about the dangers of the serious aftereffects that may ensure because of the stress and discomfort Stanley Milgram’s experiment has caused. Even though Stanley Milgram states that “After the interview, procedures were undertaken to assure that the subject would leave the laboratory in a state of well-being.”

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Stanley Milgram's Experiment

211 Words | 1 Pages

Stanley Milgram’s All I can say to these experiments is “Wow” to me I saw it as inhumane. The interviews confirmed that an everyday normal person can cause pain and suffering to another. Milgram also noticed that the inclination toward a particular characteristic or type of behavior of the teacher was to devalue or demean the learner, to help to internally justify the teacher’s behavior of continuing to conduct the shocks in which it helped to continue the process of the experiment. The experiment gave an enormous amount of insight into the human behavior and the human obedience.

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Stanley Milgram's Experiment: Obedience To Authority Figures

305 Words | 2 Pages

Similarly, an experiment performed by Stanley Milgram in 1963 proves that obedience to authority figures can become very harmful. In Milgram’s experiment he asks for volunteers to come and “take part in the study of learning” (McLeod 584). This is the first dilemma with his research. He was advertising a completely different experiment. The volunteers are asked to read to a “student” a set of words and if the “student” did not respond correctly then the volunteer must shock the “student” with increasing voltages of electricity.

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Savagery In The Milgram Experiment

934 Words | 4 Pages

In the Milgram Experiment, Milgram focuses on the effects of authority, or legitimate power. The participants of the experiment are given roles as “teachers” and the choice to opt out anytime, but they seem to forget this when Mr. Williams, the experimenter and the supposed figure of authority, orders them to continue when they refuse to persist administering shocks to the “learner”. He politely starts off with, “Please continue.” When the teacher insistently protests, he uses a stronger statement, such as, “You have no other choice but to continue.” This tricks the teacher into thinking that he or she does not have another option, and they reluctantly continue the experiment thinking that they could have possibly killed a human being.

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Stanley Milgram's Controversial Study Of The Effects Of Obedience

497 Words | 2 Pages

In 1963 Stanley Milgram conducted a controversial study of the effects of obedience. The focus of the experiment was on the apparent conflict between obedience to authority and an individual’s conscience. At the time, Milgram was concerned with investigating whether Germans were characteristically obedient to authority figures as this was a common explanation for the atrocities of the Nazis during the Second World War. The experiment was conducted in a manner that paired the participants. One would be the “teacher” and one the “learner”.

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Informed Consent In The Military Experiment

455 Words | 2 Pages

“Informed consent is a critical basic safeguard” (Graziano & Raulin, 2013, p.70). Confidentiality on the other hand is also very important because most experiments require some personal information. “Specifically, the researcher must maintain strict confidentiality of the information gathered about participant” (Graziano & Raulin, 2013, p.70). I also noticed that the experiment didn’t specify that any risk to the participants outweigh the potential benefits which has me asking questioning if people didn’t have enough information why would they even agree to doing this experiment to begin with? “The Belmont Report argued that participants in research have the right to know what the study involves, and researchers must give them enough clear information so they can freely decide whether to participate” (Graziano & Raulin, 2013, p.69).

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Stanley Milgram's Experiment On Obedience To Authority

293 Words | 2 Pages

An infamous experiment on obedience to authority by Stanley Milgram’s (1963) has brought a lot of speculations and arguments in both fields of psychology and ethics. Even after decades, the experiment remains controversial to me. It is one of those fascinating studies that has caught my interest. Although it was quite unethical and very deceptive in nature, its findings had brought “disturbing” awareness to us, people. It was disturbing in a sense that most us did not expect to obtain such results but nevertheless, it certainly gave us something to ponder upon.

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Milgram Obedience Experiment Research Paper

583 Words | 3 Pages

The Milgram Obedience experiment was conducted by social psychologist Stanley Milgram in 1963 focusing on the conflict between obedience to authority and personal conscience. He wanted to investigate whether people are willing to connect atrocious acts by being obedient to authority figures. In the experiment the participant was paired with one of Milgram’s confederates and they drew lots to find out who would be the “learner” and who would be the “teacher”. The draw was fixed so that the participant was always the teacher and Milgram

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Stanley Milgram Experiment Essay

580 Words | 3 Pages

1) Stanley Milgram was one of the most influential social psychologists of his time, he was particularly fascinated by the dangers of group behavior and blind obedience to authority. His experiment became controversial, the results of the experiment were deeply revealing about the tensions between the individual and society. In 1962, Stanley Milgram impressed the world with his study on obedience. His theory was tested by an invention with a method that would become a window into human cruelty within. The purpose of the experiment was to understand the inconceivable, as the Germans might allow the extermination of the Jews.

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Milgram Ethical Issues

168 Words | 1 Pages

As a specialist in research, it was Milgram's primary duty to have an experiment were his theory could be tried yet in addition were participants would be educated of what they were taking part in. This prompts the dishonest issue that this experiment caused the vast majority of the participants pain, which was a consequence of them being deceived about the experiment. Ethical issues that have been put forward would prevent such a study being replicated today, but a less harmful technique to test the means of obedience may be less applicable to the real world (Glassman & Hadad 2004). Milgram's examinations have been criticized intensely and justifiably so, it is undoubted that participant were put under extensive pressure. Be that as it may,

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What Is The Order In Stanley Milgram's Obedienc Obedience

334 Words | 2 Pages

Everyday people will follow orders given by the authority, whether they want to or not and even if they think it is wrong. Stanley Milgram did countless studies on this to find the truth behind the startling idea. He was curious to know if people would follow orders given by the authority to the point of hurting another human being. The test included a teach, learner and experimenter.

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Research Paper On Milgram Experiment

229 Words | 1 Pages

The Milgram experiment is an experiment conducted by Stanley Milgram who was a psychologist at Yale University that focus on the conflict between obedience to authority and personal conscience. He was interested in researching how far people would go in obeying an instruction if it involved harming another person. He would use an electric shock generator and the generator is mark from 15 volts which is slight shock to 375 volts which danger or severe shock to 450 volts which is beyond danger. As a result, people are likely to follow orders given by authority figure. I mention the Milgram experiment because the father in The Sellout wants his son to keep answering the questions despite that the narrator have to shock himself if he does not know

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Milgram Experiment

967 Words | 4 Pages

The Milgram Study is one of the most controversial of psychology experiments. Stanley Milgram, a social psychologist at Yale University, desired to test the obedience to authority. The experiment was setup with “teachers” who were the actual participants and a “learner”. Both the teacher and the learner were told that the study was about memory and learning. The Milgram study was conducted in 1961-1962.

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Shared Knowledge

1274 Words | 6 Pages

One ethical issue was deception; Milgram made his subjects believe that they were really shocking the ‘learner,’ when the ‘learner’ was actually a confederate of the experimenter. Milgram conducted an interview afterwards to evaluate the effect of deception, 83.7% of participants said that they were “glad to be in the experiment” (McLeod, "The Milgram Experiment”). Their eagerness to participate in an experiment in which they were asked to harm another individual indicates that these participants may have obeyed orders regardless of if there was an authority figure within the room or not. Furthermore, the experiment was designed to put the participants in a great amount of stress (McLeod, "The Milgram Experiment”). Researchers have found that stress can alter one’s decision-making process, causing them to focus on the positives (money the participants gain) rather than the negatives of the experiment (the harm that may be caused to the ‘learner’) ("Stress Changes How”).

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