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Examples Of Excluding Usamah

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Pope Urban II proposed the First Crusade as a war where Frankish peoples would “liberate the church of God at Jerusalem” (Lambert 62), while Robert the Monk justified it as a chance to “avenge” alleged misdeeds done by people from Jerusalem (64). Guibert of Nogent framed the Crusade as a chance to “restore some parts of the East to the faith” (67). Whereas Solomon Ben Simson, a victim of an attack on the Jews at Mainz, claims that the Crusa On the contrary, Usamah ibn Munqidh, who lived near Palestine almost a century after the First Crusade, does not claim the Muslims are chosen by God, nor does he advocate for violence against the former Crusaders who settled in his homeland. Excluding Usamah, each of these authors believe that their people are “people chosen and loved by God, distinguished from all other nations.” …show more content…

From his perspective, the attack was not done by the Franks for their own benefit, rather, it was an opportunity for the Jews to undergo “the judgment of heaven” as penance for their sins (81). Furthermore, he believed God would take mercy on them and bring them to heaven if they willingly gave up their life for him, in the form of mass suicide. While the Jews believed God chose them to earn their place in heaven through their deaths, the Franks thought they would earn heaven by killing non-Christians or dying in the process. Pope Urban II’s offering of the First Crusade as a way to “liberate” Jerusalem as a “substitute for all penance” (Lambert 62) means that the Frankish warriors cannot truly commit any sins on this journey, because all will be forgiven once the fighting is over. This promise of salvation affirms that God will nullify any sins the warriors commit on the way to Jerusalem, because through their actions, “the Catholic name might spread against the wickedness of Antichrist and his Anti-Christians” (Guibert

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558 Words | 3 Pages

He also evaluates the pope’s speech declaring the crusades in depth, which he explains that the crusaders truly believed that they were fighting for god; they were fighting in “God’s battalions”. A major point Stark wants the reader to take away by the end of the monograph is that the Muslims did not hold a grudge on the Westerns because of the crusades. There was originally no hatred for the Christians and Westerners after the crusades; the hatred did not develop until later on. He provides examples from many historians saying that the Muslims hate Western Christians countries because of the crusades. Starks explains that the Muslims did not seem to pay much attention to the crusades when they were occurring and for centuries after.

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746 Words | 3 Pages

Pope Urban II called upon all Christians into this war, calling those who don’t believe in God Heathens and providing reason to take control of Jerusalem again. Also assuring that the soldiers of this war will get an admission into Heaven. (Document 1) Christians, no matter the empire or region were being united by the Crusades through their love of Christ. (Document 2) French and German crusaders invaded a Jewish City, killing people for sanctification of the Lord. (Document 5)

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1271 Words | 6 Pages

Pope Urban II’s main objective in launching the First Crusade was not to take back Jerusalem, but an attempt

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1296 Words | 6 Pages

Thomas F. Madden’s The Concise History of the Crusades focuses on the Holy Land between 1095 and 1291. In the foreword, Madden explains that, “the heightened public interest in the Crusades since 9/11 has created a market for popular histories (Madden, viii).” This is important to note, as his previous editions of the book were not as focused on the idea of present day relations between the Islamic and Western world. While Madden answers the question of what the relationship is between the medieval Crusades and the problems of modern Israel, his argument throughout the monograph follows a traditionalist account that of the Crusades as being tied to Jerusalem as a destination. However, it can be understood by the reader that Madden’s main argument answers the question, what were the motivations of the Crusades, and how have the Crusades contributed to Islamic rage and terrorism today?

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336 Words | 2 Pages

The crusades were to capture Jerusalem, to have Christian territories, resolve fighting, and gain territory and political. Fulcher of Chartres was an eyewitness to all of this. Pope Urban II would go on to say that he wants the vile race to disappear from everywhere and for the Lord to protect

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1656 Words | 7 Pages

The crusades were a religious dispute between Christianity and Islam that took place in order for the Christians to take back their holy land, Jerusalem, from the Muslims. Urban II initiated the crusades at the Council of Clermont through a speech, with an audience of noblemen and clerics. His main goal was to urge “European princes to stabilize Christendom’s borders and then go further to recapture Jerusalem and restore Christian rule to the holy land” (Bentley et al. 422). These expeditions sparked new political, religious, and economic developments for the world. The crusades were a huge accomplishment for the people of Christian faith because new people began to convert.

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595 Words | 3 Pages

Allen Cutler’s journal article delves in to the concept of military conflict and conversion to Christianity during the First Crusade. The author states that it was the intent of Pope Urban II who inherited his interest in crusading against Muslims from Pope Gregory VII, to Christianize Muslims, by words and example. There have been those who have argued Urban II had no interest in conversion, but Allen, counters their assumptions by presenting three document sources that imply that during Urban’s speech at Clermont he broached the subject of conversion, by referring to the Turks as “a race utterly alienated from God.” Allen surmises that Urban the implication is they were not “converted to Christianity” and therefore conversion was foremost on Pope Urban’s mind. The Pope also wanted to reinstall papal

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453 Words | 2 Pages

David Malkiel, in his article, Destruction or Conversion: Intention and Reaction, Crusaders, and Jews, in 1096 discusses the interactions between Crusaders and Jews during the First Crusade in 1096. Malkiel analyzes the purposes of the Crusaders towards the Jews, questioning whether their goal was conversion or total destruction. Malkiel also examines the ambition for revenge from the perspective of the Jews and Christians during the Crusades. Malkiel uses Hebrew and Latin chronicles to connect to the interactions between Crusaders and Jews during the First Crusade. These sources show the significance of comparing Jewish and Christian records to know the motives and actions of the Crusaders during this time.

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582 Words | 3 Pages

Pope Urban II’s speech at Clermont in 1095 was a call to crusade given outdoors to the nobles, commoners and church leaders of the Western European Christians (the Franks). The people were moved by this speech and it changed history, launching the first crusade to capture Jerusalem from the Muslim Turks. After hearing Pope Urban II’s speech, thousands of Western European Christians were moved to embark on the dangerous journey and fight in the crusade. I believe the main reasons they were moved and persuaded to fight was; 1) they felt it was their Christian duty, 2) Pope Urban promised them absolution for their sins and 3) they felt compelled to defend Christianity, their holy land and the Eastern Christians.

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612 Words | 3 Pages

A series of religious conflicts known as the Crusades were started, encouraged, and occasionally even led by the Catholic Church. The initial argument began over who had control of the holy land but was escalated by Pope Urban ii, in his Speech at council of Clermont in 1095. Urban ii’s speech was to excite his followers to be prepared for the crusades and the destruction they may cause. He stood in front of them and gave his words of encouragement to them but had secretive intentions to motivate them to fight. His followers then listened to him and fought for their beliefs as Pope Urban ii suggested and amounted to an export of violence.

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1598 Words | 7 Pages

Pope Urban II’s speech stating he had a goal to capture the Holy Land that took place in the eleventh century, at the Council of Clermont meeting, started a series of crusades. The First Crusade, starting in 1095, was a Christian military expedition undertaken. Four armies of Crusaders formed from different Western European regions to start their fight for the Holy Land. They led crusaders to battle for Christian “hierarchy” due to the belief that Islamic values contradicted those of Christian. Pope Urban II’s speech sparked an uprising; and from what he led them to believe, they saw no issue in physically harming those who were not Christian.

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254 Words | 2 Pages

The Crusades affected the lives of the followers Christian, Jewish, and Muslim faiths. However, the Jews were impacted the most during this time in the Crusades with only negative outcomes. Almost all of the people following the Jewish faith were tortured by Christians because of what the forefathers had done in which they were getting back at the Jews for killing Jesus for no reason. The Jewish chronicler in 1096 stated, “Let us first avenge ourselves on them and exterminate them from among our nations so that the name of Israel will no longer be remembered, or let them adopt our faith,” (Document D). The Christians forced the Jews to either leave, die, or adopt the Christian faith.

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1406 Words | 6 Pages

The text is contradictory because it goes against one of Christianity’s most basic principles: love. Instead of loving their Pagan neighbors, the Franks choose to use the “Christian justification of violence as a means of combat against the Pagans” (Kablitz 117). This action of battle fought in the name of religion against the Saracens is not a new concept; in fact, the poet of Song of Roland may have drawn some inspiration from the First Crusade. This historical event results in “a story of Christian battle against Muslim armies, inseparable for the medieval reader from the waves of crusades then being launched by European nations in an effort to conquer the Holy City of Jerusalem” (Puchner 220). The Christian Crusades were also a battle between Christians and Muslims which has also contributed to the tension that remains between the two religions.

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823 Words | 4 Pages

The Crusades were a violent series of battles that Christians fought against Muslims in order to gain back the holy land, Jerusalem. The Christians felt threatened by the intimidating rule of the Islamic Empire, and their response was the first Crusade. These attacks continued and grew unsuccessful throughout many years, and are often due to the intense bond between Christians and God, however there are other influences, like wealth and power. Some argue also that the actions committed during these events were not necessarily “barbaric”, considering the historical time period. The Crusades should be remembered as a series of attacks with a variety of motives and influences that were violent and barbaric.

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586 Words | 3 Pages

Regarding cannibalism, it must be noted the extreme circumstances the Crusaders faced during the siege of Ma'arra, where starvation led to desperate measures. While cannibalism is condemned universally, arguments are made that the dire situation forced by the prolonged siege could lessen the moral culpability of those involved. Concerning greed, while individual Crusaders may have been motivated by personal gain, the overarching goal of reclaiming Jerusalem for Christianity was driven primarily by religious fervor and territorial concerns. Regarding genocide, while atrocities were committed during the capture of Jerusalem, they were not organized or intended to eradicate an entire city. The intentions of the Crusade, as initially conceived by Pope Urban II, were noble, aiming to protect Christian pilgrims and aid the Byzantine Empire against the threat of the Turks.

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