The concept of technological determinism describes how technology influences human behavior and our social settings. An example of technological determinism is the evolution of phones. In 1838, the first commercial telegraph was invented. The purpose of the telegraph was to send or receive long distance messages through textual or symbols. This invention was a breakthrough for the world. It made it easier to communicate. Following this the Telephone was invented. Advances in technology are constantly being improved. The telephone allowed individuals to transmit speech electrically. This was the first ever invention to allow this. Due to this it was the rich who could afford it and the gap between the rich and poor grew. Governments began to use this for private purposes such as spying on certain people and companies. Decades later we now have electronic devices that have multi purposes and are much smaller than ever before. The invention of the telegraph formed our technology today. It has also changed how we live and survive. The majority of the human population would find it very difficult to survive without any use of technology. In my opinion, I do not know how I would get anywhere without my phone. Even for the simple purposes of the Dublin Bus App, to know when the bus is coming and where it can bring me. It has multi purposes, good and bad.

Q2 Do models of information behaviour help understand the need for digital literacy or strategies for addressing digital