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Use of dna in criminal investigations
DNA analysis in forensic science essay
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The first step is to place a drop of distilled water on a sterile swab and swab a small portion of the suspect substance, The place the swab against a presumptive blood test and an immediate color change should occur if the reaction is positive. If the stain is negative the suspected blood stain may be ignored. If the reaction is positive an evidence number is assigned to the suspected blood and the stain is photographed and measured. The forensic technician should note the stain was collected due to a positive reaction. The blood is then collected and packaged, and the package is sealed and labeled for identification Upon collecting blood if the blood is wet a sterile swab should be rotated in the stain, transferring the blood to the swab.
He found that Police procedures with regard to evidence referencing, police chain of custody and overall collection of evidence. He stated that the Queensland Police Force failed the most rudimentary collection protocols and this lead to confusion in the labelling of exhibits and their actual obtaining from the accused. He further pointed out that searches were conducted in a manner that exposed the primary and secondary crime scenes to contamination. A video of the Police search showed that none of the officers involved wore protective clothing, gloves or booties; that swab testing of the car showed that the officer involved in collection conducted the Sangur strip test and actually allowed his fingers to come in contact, thus providing a false positive indication for human blood, when it was noticed that he had a small cut on his finger; fingerprint collection was done before testing for human enzymes which also could have produced a false positive due to the chemical makeup of the powder used (the force used Magnapowder which has a metallic composition and this reacted with the test strips); photographs of the boot floor showed that none of the items were laid out on white protective paper. This would also have prevented cross contamination and enabled the collection of any evidence that fell from the boot.
The police rinsed fingernails to trace evidence after which it was swabbed with the ligatures to obtain cellar materials. Considerably, sperm was found clinging on the pubic hairs of one of the
Forensic Science is evidence that typically comes from sources like fingerprints, bodily fluids, and bullets. In “Forensic Science: Evidence, Clues, and Investigation” written by Andrea Campbell, she explains how forensic science can make or break a criminal case. Campbell has given readers many reasons to believe that forensic science is without a doubt an important piece of evidence to present at trial. Some reasons Andrea Campbell explains are that it can help narrow down suspects in order to find the criminal responsible for a crime, and that it can provide physical evidence that can provide further information about a case.
Carefully and thoroughly analyzing the significance of the position and shape of blood patterns along with their origin and trajectory is very important in an investigation. The process is sufficiently complex and should only be done by an examiner who is experienced in such determinations. The interpretation of bloodstain patterns is the most important of all and requires carefully planned control experiments that use surface materials comparable to those found at a crime
The suspect who I think left the fingerprint is suspect H. The fingerprint found at the crime scene can be classified as a loop with a delta on the right side. Suspect A, B, and D’s fingerprints are arches, in addition to that, Suspect E, has a whorl fingerprint, thus all are able to be eliminated from being the possible suspects. The suspects left are C, F, G, and H, all of which share the loop characteristics.
Dr. Pagliaro the supervising criminalist, testified that seminal fluid was detected on the victim's underwear and testing was conducted. The result matched the victim’s blood type, but were inconclusive regarding Barnes. Also DNA testing conducted before the trial were inconclusive. Three forms of unvalidated forensic science were used against Barnes at trial, however. Pagliaro testified that she conducted a photographic overlay of the victim’s jeans and use a print from Barnes truck and determined that the two patterns were similar.
Science has come a long way over the years. It has helped countless every day struggles and cure diseases most commonly found. What you don’t hear about however is the advancement of forensic science. Forensic science has helped solve countless cases of murder, rape, and sexual assault. In the case of John Joubert, it helped solve the murders of three young boys with one small piece of evidence that linked him directly to the crime.
A number of criminal movies increases every year. There are dozens of films and videos where actors investigate various murders and catch criminals. After watching 21st episode of the seventh season of the "CSI: Crime Scene Investigation”, I understand that not every case can be solved easily. Unfortunately, I have seen some cases on TV where suspects have not been arrested even though they were guilty. In such cases, FBI agents begin to build their own idea of crime and even put it in the place of crime to think what they would do in the same situation.
Discovery is a formal and informal exchange of information between the prosecution and the defense. The importance of discovery is to ensure that the adversary system does not give one side an unfair advantage. When it comes to discovery there are two types of evidence. Exculpatory, which is any evidence that may be favorable to the defendant at trail either by tending to cast doubt on the defendant’s quilt or by tending to mitigate the defendant’s culpability, thereby potentially reducing the defendant’s sentence, and impeachment evidence, which is any evidence that would cast doubt on the credibility of a witness.
What I love about The iSchool is the fact that they are so focused on making our education built on the specific interests of the students and on what we think is best for our educational development. They are flexible I also really love the fact that The iSchool offers challenging and engaging courses like the forensics course. I am really interested in forensics because it’s like a puzzle. The forensic anthropologist has to use facts and background information to put together a story and solve the mystery. Another aspect of The iSchool that I like is the fact that many courses are taken online so that means If I am confused on something at home I have access to an explanation online.
Forensic Psychology And Its Media Portrayal: Primal Fear Forensic psychology is a part of psychology that deals more with legal matters than academic or clinical materials. For the past century, Forensic psychology has been widespread in the popular culture, particularly in the media due to its role as the intersection between law and psychology. Most people who do not have an experience on the legal system rely on movies and TV shows as their general source of information about legal procedures. Thus, the portrayal of forensic psychology in media creates a massive impact to the beliefs of the public. Primal fear, a movie directed by Gregory Hoblit in 1996, portrays the parallel of opinions of the public and the lawyers on insanity defense,
According to Bertino and Bertino (2012) there are seven components of any crime scene investigation: Maximizing safety and securing the scene: Usually the police are the first to arrive at any crime scene and are therefore referred to as the ‘first responders’. The crime scene is dynamic and ever changing. It is therefore the actions of the first responder which will ultimately dictate whether the crime will be successfully solved or not. There are two primary tasks of the first responding officer.
1.1 Overview of Digital Forensics Digital forensics, sometimes known as digital forensic science is a branch of computer forensic science encompassing the recovery and investigation of material found in digital devices, often in relation to computer cyber crime. Information and Communications Technology (ICT) working environments are experiencing increased computer use for other than work-related reasons. User activities may include but are not limited to browsing the Internet for private purposes and using online search engines for work-related information. As ICT has grown at the same time advances in social networking, mobile technology, various cloud computing and storage solutions have increased the information flow within organizations.
