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Essay on how dna is used in forensic science
Dna analysis crime scene
Dna analysis crime scene
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The Crime Lab: How Police Use DNA In Crime
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The Department of Justice says, "States began passing laws requiring offenders convicted of certain offenses to provide DNA samples. " That DNA evidence can help convict someone of a crime and it helps to uncover more things about the crime itself. Investigators have been using forensic science to help them solve cases since before the 90 's, mostly fingerprints that were found at the crime scenes and on the victims (O 'Brien). DNA evidence has solved countless cases including ones that happened over a prolonged period of time because of the technological advancements there is
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DNA testing has been changing lives for the wrongfully convicted. Innocent people are being released from prisons because of DNA. Ronald Cotton was fortunate to have been found innocent thanks to DNA evidence after being imprisoned for years. It may not always be that way, though, there are still people being locked up once DNA has ruled them out.
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Today, the FBI has DNA records of more than 5 million convicted offenders in the database CODIS, or Combined DNA Index System. However, DNA fingerprinting has limitations: it is limited to directly connecting crimes to felons already in CODIS, has high risk of contamination, does not look at familial records, and only analyzes short pieces of DNA. With the advent of more affordable and high resolution genetic technologies after The Human Genome Project, over 35 million people have submitted their DNA to the largest direct-to-consumer genetic companies. Two companies, FamilyTreeDNA and GEDmatch, also allow law enforcement access to their databases. Thus, beginning investigative genetic genealogy, a new method of forensic investigation not only with higher resolution DNA information than DNA fingerprinting but also the capability of finding a suspect from distant relatives.
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I feel that DNA is the only reliable forensic tool because its principles are example of real science. Mentioned in the video, forensic science was developed by law enforcement, but DNA analysis was developed by medical science. A much more reliable source. There may be certain situations where DNA isn’t the best tool to go off of. Like for example if there isn’t an enough quantity of it at the scene of a crime or if it has been mixed with someone else’s (Kaye and Sensabaugh, 2000).
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In the lab report three students are tested along with one suspect. Student number two’s DNA matched the suspects DNA. The student’s DNA’s are cut with five different enzymes as well as the suspects DNA. Student two’s DNA matched exactly with the suspects DNA; the other two student’s DNA did not resemble the suspects DNA at all. (Choi, et al, 2008) DNA fingerprinting is used a lot in determining who committed a crime.
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In King, Justice Kennedy referred to the invention of DNA technology as “one of the most significant scientific advancements of our era.” This statement has been criticized, but the impact of DNA technology has been significant. Currently, forensic analysts can use “junk” DNA to identify a person with near certainty. Law enforcement can collect a person’s DNA through saliva. The sample is then uploaded to CODIS, a national network of DNA databases.
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Murders that are left unsolved leaves family members puzzled and wondering. It is important that we solve murders so we can stop the victim from doing it again. I already know a bit about DNA evidence from my KWL chart crime research, but I would need to learn more about its specific application in cold cases. In my preliminary research, I learned that DNA has helped solve many cold cases over the years. There have been cases where decades-old evidence was retested with updated technology and resulted in identifying the victimizer.
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Now, with the right technology, DNA can even be extracted from a parents and be matched with the DNA from a son or daughter. Once DNA evidence is collected it can entered into a program of support for criminal justice DNA databases called CODIS and look for matches through this program
DNA Testing Backlogs In Crime Labs
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Judges, lawyers, and police officers have expressed that jurors have unrealistic expectations regarding the capabilities of crime labs and their ability to produce physical evidence. In 2006, 61% of law enforcement agencies indicated that they had insufficient storage capacity, funds, technology, staff, or space especially as it relates to DNA evidence . Durnal reports that in worst cases, evidence is completely ignored or left behind because there isn’t any room to properly store it. In addition, some accounts have suggested that this greater demand has contributed to the increasing number of DNA testing backlogs in crime labs all over the country. Police officers, investigators, and laboratory workers have admitted that they feel the pressure
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A DNA databank is a database of DNA profiles. Forensic DNA databases are now well established in many countries in the world. Anyone who can access an individual’s forensic DNA profile can use it to track the individual or their relatives. Access to a DNA sample can reveal more detailed information about a person’s health. The database would be an invaluable tool for identifying and catching criminals.
Argumentative Essay: The Growth Of DNA Profiling
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The Growth of DNA Profiling With today's crime rate being at an all time high, crime investigators have switched to using faster and easier methods of locating a suspect. DNA profiling is one method that is becoming more popular because it is faster and easier. It is also becoming popular because you can use the method of DNA profiling in more than one way and for several different things other than just in criminal investigations. One of the most common uses for DNA profiling is the use in criminal investigations.
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The number of DNA Evidence that had wrongly accused inmates was a total of 333 in thirty-seven states (“Exonerated DNA”). Inmates that have committed a crime have to take a DNA test. DNA Evidence will prove whether a convicted person is innocent or guilty. There is many unsolved cases due to the fact that DNA testing did not go the way it was supposed to and screwed up the results. Not taking peoples DNA is a major issue due to the fact that many people are wrongly convicted and are put into prison for a crime they did not commit.
Importance Of Dna In Forensic Science
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DNA in forensic science The majority of cells making up the human body are diploid cells carrying identical DNA, with the exception of haploid gametes and red blood cells. Several types of biological evidence such as blood and hair are commonly used in forensic science, which is the scientific study of evidence for crime scene investigations and other legal matters. Forensic science is used for the purpose of DNA analysis, this is the analysis of DNA samples to determine if it came from a particular individual. DNA analysis is done by obtaining DNA samples from an individual; next, a large sample of DNA is produced from amplified selected sequences from the DNA collected.
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