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The french revolution its outcome and legacy
Essay on estates in french society before 1789
The french revolution its outcome and legacy
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Palina Hornaya Chapters 9 and 10: The French Revolution and Napoleonic Europe Theme: France, although it was one of the most advanced countries in Europe, quickly fell due to the Enlightenment ideas and people’s critical perspective of their government and society. When Napoleon Bonaparte came to power, he ended the revolution through reforms, and created a French Empire. His political unity and great military skills led to more modern and enlightened reforms in Europe. Subtheme: BACKGROUNDS 1.
If It Ain’t Broke, Don’t Fix It The Bible says that God created the world in six days, and as an example to us, rested on the seventh. Whether you believe this or not, it set a good framework for the appropriate length of the week. In 1793 during the French Revolution, the National Convention tried to stray from this by creating a new calendar based on the decimal system. The year still consisted of 12 months split into thirty days, but these days were split into ten hours, and these hours split into one hundred minutes, and those minutes split into one hundred seconds.
Although there were probably many factors that contributed to the start of the French Revolution, the three most important causes were taxes, the American revolution, and the spreading of the philosophes’ ideas. A very prominent cause of the French Revolution was the unfair amount of taxes for the Third Estate. According to Arthur Young, who traveled across France while it was still under the Old Regime, wrote about this in his book, Travels in France. An excerpt from his journal reads “Lands held by the nobility are taxed very little.
The high taxes, high prices on goods, and unequal distribution of wealth in France were reasons why the French Revolution started. There were three estates in France; the first estate was the clergy, the second estate were the nobles, and the third estate was made up of of three groups; average French workers, Bourgeoisie, and peasants. The French Revolution led to many wars; Louis XVI was a very weak leader, and he was executed. Napoleon Bonaparte became emperor, and the revolution came to an end. The main causes of the French Revolution were the difficult life of the peasants; the issues between the three estates; and the unfairness of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen.
After many years of unhappiness with the monarchy, the French citizens started a rebellion. This rebellion, called the French Revolution, had several causes, most of which related to a society that favored the rich. The quality of life for members of the third estate in France was very low. Those who were poor were very poor.
During the French Revolution it changed many things and as well as people. Many people from the middle class struggled as the French Revolutionaries' were plotting some changes. In the French Revolution many causes happened like many unfair conditions, the Monarchy being thrown, and the ideas from the enlightenments. A cause for the revolution to start was that middle-class people start to struggle, unfair conditions, and taxes.in document 1 it says, "the poor people seem very poor indeed." (document 1).
During the French revolution terror spread throughout the land. Before the revolution the country was falling into chaos. The king and his wife spent so much money on themselves, and on supporting the american revolution that they put the country in an economic crisis. Until the people rose up to make a change and started the revolution. Using terror as an instrument of the french revolution was common practice and it had many advantages and disadvantages, such as the many arrests made more jobs and more money for citizens, it kept the revolution on track, the many deaths of nobles, and the overall deaths of citizens.
France started out with a terrible king that didn’t give the people many rights. In the end of the Revolution people gained some rights, but the people still had a king named Napoleon. There were many changes to France during the French Revolution, but the end result was similar to the beginning, regarding the leader of their country, this is why the French Revolution can not be truly called successful. In pre revolutionary France the people wanted a lot of things, but they mostly wanted the power, they also wanted more freedom in their lives, but the absolutist monarch didn’t give the people any rights.
Faced with his death, King Louis XVI stated to the crowd, “My people, I die innocent!” He then turned to the men who would be killing him and said, “Gentlemen, I am innocent of everything of which I am accused. I hope my blood may cement the good fortune of the French.” The sharp blade of the guillotine then fell. Once the people crowded around to watch his execution and were shown his head they chanted, “Vive la nation!
The French Revolution was a period in history that included unfair society, an unreliable monarchy, and poor harvest. People became angry with the king and demanded change. Unfortunately, King Louis XVI did not pay attention to them and the people decided to take matters into their own hands. One major result of this is that the king was executed. Still wanting change, people began to form groups and became leaders of the Revolution.
However, despite the law, these rights were not granted to all human beings, as the Declaration preserved the institution of slavery and women were not granted equal rights. In 1789, the French Revolution broke out, lasted 10 years, and ended with the ascent of Napoleon Bonaparte. The French revolution was heavily influenced by present Enlightenment ideas, specifically, the concepts of sovereignty and absolute rights, as well as the population’s powerful resentment of royal absolutism, the system of noble privilege and the unfair and unequal system of taxation. Although the French revolution failed to achieve all of its goals, it brought along the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (1789). The declaration was heavily
Historian Henri Lefebvre argued that the Aristocratic Revolution of 1717 to 1788 was the most important cause of the French Revolution. He states that “the French Revolution was started and led to victory by the aristocracy”. The situation was so confusing that it could not be fully reported according to the fiscal administration. The budget of the Old regime roughly consisted of a 126 million livres deficit and the government could have solved this crisis by cutting down spending or raising taxes, though many thought taxes were already too high despite the richest of society; bourgeoisie, nobility and clergy paid the least tax. The nobility controlled the majority of France’s estates and held high-ranking positions in the army and government “The nobility constituted a vast social and political network, a source of power and influence that pervaded every level of French society”.
During the Eighteenth Century, France had an absolute monarchy with Louis XVI as king and Marie Antoinette as queen. In that time period, French society was based upon a system of Estates where the clergy made up the First Estate; the nobility comprised the Second Estate, and everyone else including professionals, peasants, and the bourgeoisie made up the Third Estate. The Third Estate was immensely unhappy with the old regime, the Estates General, and Louis XVI’s leadership. France was also in the midst of a fiscal crisis due to the American Revolution, Louis XVI’s lavish lifestyle, the Seven Years War, and the tax exemption of the First and Second Estate. Following the surge of new ideas and impactful philosophers from the Enlightenment,
France was in an economic crisis in the late 18th century after the ‘seven years war’. King Louie, who failed to lead his country through this struggle desperately called the meeting of the Estates General. The Estates General was a legislative body made up of the three estates. When the two upper estates voted against the third estate, the public was outraged at their lack of power. The Tennis Court Oath that followed, marked a critical moment that started the French Revolution.
The French Revolution and the Napoleonic era are two of the most significant events in modern European history. These two periods marked a profound shift in politics, society, and culture that permanently changed Europe. The French Revolution, which began in 1789, overthrew the absolute monarchy and established a republic, challenging the existing political order and inspiring reform movements across Europe. The Napoleonic era, which followed from 1799 to 1815, saw the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte, who expanded the French Empire and changed the balance of power in Europe. There were several reasons why the French Revolution and the Napoleonic era had such a profound impact on Europe and how they changed the course of European histories such as