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Sigmund Freud's Model Of Mental Functioning

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11. Freud’s model of mental functioning. The idea of forces in conflict within an individual elicits thoughts, emotions, and behavior. Using my previous dynamic discussion above combined with the underlying premise of the ABC model of self-talk, where repeated thoughts become one’s beliefs that create emotions and behaviors (Burton & Raedeke, 2008), then it seems that what information one places in their minds has strength and power over their entire thought life. Therefore, when guiding a client through the process of psychotherapy, it’s important to emphasize the importance of being aware of what one consumes with their mind (i.e., what one watches on TV, what one reads, and what one listens to). Soviet psychology embraced the concept …show more content…

Relationship driven therapy. Yalom believed therapy should not be theory driven (i.e., effective therapy should never try to force discussion) but be relationship driven. This is at the heart of positive psychology (to include sport and performance psychology). Psychotherapy is at root an interpersonal relationship (Prochaska & Norcross, 2014). I seek to understand engagement, openness, and egalitarianism (i.e., all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities) so that I can have effective relationships with my clients. “Psychotherapy is, first and foremost, a human relationship” (p. …show more content…

Debilitating test anxiety. The nervous and unconfident feeling that over consumes a test taker resulting in a state where it is impossible to focus, comprehend, process, and respond with the correct answer despite the knowledge being readily available in the student’s mind. The tension in the mind constricts and chokes the right thoughts from being expressed. The knowledge is there (e.g., because the student has put forth great effort to study for the test), but trapped. Both systematic desensitization or dynamic desensitization therapies have been shown to be effective with no differences noted in terms of immediate effectiveness (p. 426). I continue below with more details as I discuss both of the desensitization therapies. Throughout my life, I have had issues with standardized tests. However, my work ethic and growth-mindset have allowed me to overcome. For example, I did not score well on the SAT and ACT, yet I graduated college at a major university with high honors. I scored terribly on the Air Force Officer Qualifying Test, but my Air Force ROTC commander disregarded the scores since he knew my work ethic. I graduated at the top of my pilot training class where many students were graduates of prestigious universities to include the Air Force Academy. Therefore, I understand this anxiety, but no one ever provided me any tools to overcome (e.g., no one discussed deep relaxation breathing or imagery as a means to counter this anxiety). I just figured it

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He closed out by mentioning while making changes to this text, he was also writing the class novel, The Schopenhauer Cure, which complements this text very well. In the readings of chapter one, sixteen, and seventeen of The Theory and Practice of Group Psychotherapy by Irvin D. Yalom with Molyn Leszcz, I read about therapeutic factors, encounter group, and the training of group therapies. There were many important concepts in chapter one. Briefly, installation of hope is crucial in any therapy because it’s the foundation for other therapeutic factors to be effective.

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The therapist and the client establish clear boundaries, mutual trust and respect. Sperry (2010) The chapter states “effective therapeutic alliance that is sensitive to the client’s needs, expectation, and explanatory model; that engenders trust and hope in the therapist and therapy process; and that engages the client in the treatment process”. Allows the therapist to focus on client treatment and assist the client with developing skills, acceptance of strengths, weakness, developing realistic goals and developing new skills and abilities. The therapist and client have a mutual understanding of the goals which will assist with establishing and developing treatment for client.

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In Gregory Cizeks "Consequences of high stakes testing", he states "Illustrating how testing... produces gripping anxiety in even the brightest students and has been known to make children cry, vomit, or both. " You've felt it before. The nervousness, the 'what if I fail' and 'I can't fail or I'll never have a good future' thoughts. Standerdized testing instills a large amount of fear and anxiety for fear of failing. In a Washington Post article from 2011, they talk about a 7th grade girl who ran away from home to avoid a test.

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Treatment is not just fixing what is broken; it is nurturing what is best within us.” (p. 1). Seligman conceived the term Positive Psychology (Lopez, Teramoto Pedrotti, & Snyder, 2015), a concept with ideas that goes beyond the balance and principle ascribed by Aristotle; aiming to develop individual strength and subscribing to the idea of living a good life, focusing on what is already working with an individual and what is developing (Compton & Hoffman, 2013). Lopez et al. (2015) write that these ideas are in contrast to that of the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) (2013), focusing on difference and strength, as opposed to illness or deficit. Signature strengths, of which there is 24, are determined with a questionnaire known as a Values in Action Test (VIA) (Park, 2013), and have a set of six corresponding virtues, the primary one being wisdom and knowledge, followed by courage, humanity, justice, temperance, and transcendence (Park, 2013; Peterson, 2006).

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The negative aspect of my anxiety is that I have weak standardized test taking skills due to the constant thoughts of being perfect, thus my ACT and SAT scores are not indicative of my academic

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The legendary German philosopher, Friedrich Nietzche once said, “To live is to suffer, to survive is to find some meaning in the suffering.” Viktor Frankl, a psychologist who also spoke German, most likely knew this phrase when he was first imprisoned by Nazi Germany in the 1940’s. Prior to his imprisonment but following some correspondence and mentorship under Sigmund Freud, Frankl began researching a new form of psychotherapy. The Third Viennese School of Psychotherapy, more commonly called Logotherapy, ties psychology and philosophy together by focusing on “the meaning of human existence as well as on man’s search for such a meaning” (Frankl, 1959, p. 92). Logotherapy was created by Frankl before his experiences in the Holocaust, but it was expanded due to his time suffering amongst his fellow man.

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United States government believes that the pressure of high-stakes testing will close students’ achievement gap. When in fact, the high-stakes not only creates academic difficulty, but it also marginalize minorities. Initially, high-stakes testing forces educator to concentrate instruction most likely to be tested. It diminish the overall quality of learning as demonstrates by Natasha K Segool’s 2013 article “Heightened Test Anxiety Among Young Children: Elementary School Students' Anxious Responses To High-Stakes Testing,” Segool claims, “More students reported moderate test anxiety (59% vs. 44%) and fewer students reported low test anxiety (32% vs. 45%) about NCLB testing versus classroom testing. Overall, 25% of students reported increased test anxiety about the NCLB assessment and were reclassified into a higher test anxiety level” (496).

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Psychotherapy has its origins in psychoanalysis, also known as the “talking cure” that was first developed by Sigmund Freud.7 The term psychodynamic refers to the “forces of the mind that are in motion”.8 Freud coined the term psychodynamic when he realised that the mind was an ever-changing system, roiling with constantly moving energised elements. Most of the activities of these mental elements occurred out of the awareness, which Freud described as unconscious. Freud postulated that these unconscious mental activities could affect one’s conscious thoughts, feelings and behaviour.8 Psychodynamic psychotherapy is,

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Anxiety and depression rates skyrocket around testing time and mess with both mental and physical health for children. Plus, testing is discriminatory against students with learning disabilities or non-english speakers. Lastly, it genuinely doesn’t improve anything and it’s not a reliable source to measure a student’s intelligence. Although the testing material may prepare students for college, it assembles chaos among students; they shouldn't have to take it; moreover, America should abolish standardized testing and the public should be aware of all the harm it’s causing. To begin standardized testing causes a wave of anxiety for students.

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Throughout the theory Freud mentions how there are parts of us psyche come together and make up our perception and our unconscious. Freud also

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Three core conditions that will aid the therapist in doing so is being congruent, having unconditional positive regard and being emphatic. This paper explores the effectiveness of person-centered therapy in creating therapeutic alliance. It also explores the necessary conditions for constructive personality change to occur, exist and continue over a period of time as well as the personal characteristics that are most important for a person-centered therapist to be genuine and lastly the personal characteristics of the writer, which might assist or hinder ability to work with clients effectively. INTRODUCTION A Discussion of Person-Centered Therapy Person-centered therapy according to (Mearns & Thorne, 1999, p. 5) is the aim of helping a client to undo the ‘personal theory’, which he had formed through his

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Psychoanalysis was first introduced by Sigmund Freud and is now known as classical psychoanalysis. The theory, as defined by Sigmund Freud, is the dynamic between underlying forces that determine behavior and personality. He stressed the importance of human sexuality, childhood experiences, and the unconscious processes. However, his theory was seen as misogynistic and narrow focused. Consequently, classical psychoanalysis was criticized and rejected by many scholars.

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Experiential authentic treatments provide a brief structured intervention which then results to a beneficial approach for clients. This then lead itself to a freedom of limitation and preconception. These treatments will last for years to provide efficiency and optimum results towards the clients. (Nunberg, NCBI, 1943) Psychoanalysts battling against the founder of the discipline take special pride in discovery. This has then result to a richness of psychoanalytic ideas.

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Introduction Sigmund Freud is the great theorist of the mysteries of the human mind and a founder of the psychoanalysis theory which was formed in the 1800s, the theory is well known for accessing self-identity and the self in different ways in order to discover their different meaning, (Elliott, 2015). Buss (2008) states that Sigmund’s theory of Psychoanalysis offers a unique controversial insight into how the human mind works in a way that, this theory provided a new approach to psychotherapy, thus it means that it provided a new treatment for psychological problems that even highly qualified doctors couldn’t even cure. (Buss, 2008) According to Cloninger (2013), Erik Erikson on the other hand is the founder of the psychoanalytic-social Perspective which is mostly referred to as psychosocial development theory, Erikson became interested in child development when he met Anna Freud and he trained in psychoanalysis and with his Montessori diploma, he become one of the most influential psychologist of the 20th century.

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In his theory of dissociation he stated that: “The nature of conscious activity, especially partial automatism in which a part of one's personality is split off from self-awareness and follows an autonomous subconscious development”. Janet’s theory of the subconscious can be compared to Freud’s theory which is: “the unconscious mind governs behavior to a greater degree than people suspect”. Although there’re differences in the two theories, the main idea still remains, that the subconscious mind comprises thoughts inaccessible to the consciousness but to some extent, affect our behaviours personalities. Carl Jung (1953) also arrived at the same theory as Freud regarding the subconscious mind . However, there is a major difference between Jung and Freud’s model of the unconsciousness.

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