Freud's Structure Of Personality And Defense Mechanisms
In Lord of the Flies, by William Golding, the character Jack has characteristics of The ID. The ID is the part of the mind in which instinctive impulses and primary processes are manifest. Jack, displays this in chapter four when he is dancing in war paint for a religious ceremony. The author describes this event, stating, “[Jack] began to dance and his laughter became a bloodthirsty snarling”(64) Jack displays his natural instincts in this part of the story.
Freud’s theory breaks the psyche up into 3 elements: the id, superego, and ego. The id is said to be the most powerful part, and solely unconscious. It controls our basic drives and is demanding and has no regard for morality, rules, or order. The superego is the smallest element of the psyche and deals with ethics and provides standards for the other elements of personality to abide by. Lastly, the ego is the “middle-man” between the id and the superego, as they tend to conflict.
It is a theory used to explain human behaviour. Psychoanalytic theory states that the id, the ego, and the superego make up the human personality (Thornton, 2010). The id represents the instinctual drive for instant satisfactions. The job of the ego is to fulfill the demands of the
To begin with, an individual's id is a part of their personality that controls desires
The id in the novella is perfectly exemplified by Mr. Hyde. According to Freud, id is driven by pure instinct, feeling no remorse about its actions whether they are good or bad. When Mr. Hyde tramples “calmly over [a] child’s body” and then beats a man with a cane, his actions resemble the aggressive propensities of the id. In chapter 10, Dr. Jekyll describes Mr. Hyde as “the animal within me.” As Hyde, Dr. Jekyll loses the conscious abilities to form language completely, falling victim to the instincts within and losing the ability to recall exactly what is happening.
Freud’s id represents underlying desires that seek gratification. These desires may be prohibited by society or considered taboo, such as greed, power, sex, or murder. The id, in contrast to the superego, is irrational and will seek the unconscious desires without the thought of consequences (Nolas-Alausa 7). Oedipus of Sophocles’s Oedipus Rex falls victim to the id of his own unconscious which is represented by his immoral and irrational actions and the consequences he suffers because of them.
Analysis of Kurt Cobain’s Personality from the Standpoint of Freud’s Classical Psychoanalysis As one of the most influential theories in the field of psychology, Freud’s psychoanalytic theory is fundamentally interested in internal workings of personality with a particular focus on early childhood experiences and unconscious forces which stem from unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feeling etc. that have been repressed since they prove anxiety. Thus, the following section will elaborate on Kurt’s personality in that sense by using Freud’s core concepts as a framework. The Unconscious Freud believed that the most important determinants of behavior are not available to our conscious thought and proposed three levels of consciousness: the conscious,
1. The psychoanalytic analysis in general Psychoanalytic criticism was developed by Austrian neurologist and the father of psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud. His theory is based on conscious and unconscious functioning, stages of growth, developments in human behavior and normal and abnormal experiences. If we apply some psychoanalytic techniques like flashbacks, childhood memories and regression, we can uncover the hidden meanings, motivations, repressed dreams and wishes within the text. Major principles of Freud’s theory are the models of human psyche, the psychosexual stages, defense mechanism, the Oedipus complex, dreams and dream symbols.
The Skinner box was one of Skinner’s most famous experiments and it fulfilled the goals of psychology, which are to describe, explain, predict and control behavior. In contrast, Freud’s theory of human behavior is not scientific. The theory was formulated basing on Freud’s observations of his patients overtime. It cannot be replicated making it impossible to prove the existence of such constructs as the id, ego or superego. Freud also believed that human behavior has biological bases influenced by the id. Although he failed to prove that human behavior has biological bases, he believed that it would be proven in time.
He thought that our thoughts, actions and everyday behaviour are caused by unconscious motives and conflicts. Freud’s theory divided human personality into three parts: the Id, the Ego and the Superego. Id (pleasure principle functioning) is the storage unit for all psychic energy, the primitive, instinctive component of personality. It is the raw, unorganized, inborn part of our personality and represents the primary drives of hunger, sex, aggression, and irrational impulses. This part always wants immediate gratification of urges, the goal is to maximize satisfaction and reduce tension.
The Id, Ego and Superego make complete sense to any person who might be interests in learning about the Psyche. Freud’s use of the psychoanalytic theory is relevant when explaining my current behaviour in regards to my past experiences that have occurred throughout my lifetime. Freud’s theory does apply to my own life as he made his theory a way to help understand and focus on the behavioural problems of the human being, and to resolve them in a way that forces me to accept my own destructive
The government is so preoccupied about finding a way to make everyone good that it amuses Alex. This gives him another reason to be bad, to see the government in even more panic. In relation to this, Freud founded a theory that explains this behaviour. Freud states our psyche is composed of three sections: the id, the superego, and the ego. The id is the component that demands to be satisfied, no matter what immoral act must be done, in order for us to experience pleasure.
It can be likened to an iceberg, with the largest part, the unconscious, rooted deep in the depths of the sea. In the unconscious the ‘Id’ resides. The ‘Id’ is the primitive, biological part of the mind where our deepest fears and wishes, along with hidden memories etc., are lodged. It is also the source of psychic energy, which is created by the aggressive and sexual drives that motivate all of our behavior, according to Freud. Because it hasn’t been influenced by the outside world, it can create impulses without any regards to what social situations we are
Recognizing the division of personality in the,”ID”Ego”, and Super ego and that the unconscious is an important part of who we are and noting that anxiety plays a big function in how one reacts to the world at large and highlighting Freud’s theory on defense mechanism to help one cope with such anxieties. Core Philosophy of the Therapeutic Approach The most important underlying ideas relating to the psychoanalytic theory was mainly influenced by Sigmund Freud, one of the most famous names in Psychology, his Psychoanalytic Theory formed the bases of many current psychoanalytic theories. He was the first to discuss the unconscious mind and its role in human behaviour. Freud believed that there were three levels consciousness the first he labeled s the unconscious mind which exist outside of an individual’s awareness at all times.
The object relations model diverges from the belief of sexual and aggressive drives and instead, focuses on the primary motivation of human contact, exclusively to the understanding of how individuals form and preserve a sense of self and how they are able to relate and internalise relationships with others. Kernberg (1976) formed a system model of psychological development which details the drive theory with the recent developments in the object relations theory in order to create an overview model into both cognition and motivation. He proposed that an infant is built up of collective physiological reactions which are described by Kernberg (1976) to be ‘inborn perceptual and behavioural patterns’. According to the object relations theory, the development of internal representations begins during infancy. Representations of the self is known as self-concept whereas representations of others is known as objects thus, a person’s internal representations of self and object and their representations on the relationships between self and object are collectively known as internal object relations.
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