Comparing Fukuyama's 'The End Of History And The Last Man'

Fukuyama's work "The End of History and the Last Man" started a broad discussion in modern sociology and philosophy. In the book Fukuyama tries to answer the questions “Is history directional?” And “Can the scientific method cease to dominate our lives, and is it possible for industrialized societies to return to pre-modern, prescientific ones? Is the directionality of history, in short, reversible?” (Fukuyama, 1992, p.80-81) As the supposed mechanism of directed historical changes, he chooses the natural sciences, because of scientific knowledge, various historical changes, the form of production changes, culture, and education and so on. In this essay, I will comment on the logic of the reasoning of Fukuyama and what he tried to outline

Even a global cataclysm cannot cause a loss of modern science: " Without the destruction or rejection of the scientific method itself, modern natural science would eventually reproduce itself and force the recreation of many aspects of the modern, rational social world as well, p82; that it is very doubtful whether it can ever be forgotten or "un-invented" under conditions other than the physical annihilation of the human race.” (Fukuyama, 1992

But there are such countries that have passed the first stages of industrialization, have become economically developed, urbanized, possessing strong state structures, but they have not become either capitalist or democratic. These include states with central economic planning and the communist regime. A vivid example of such state can serve the Soviet Union. Thanks to ideological propaganda among the semi-literate population, the Soviet Union began not only to develop rapidly, but also to spread its ideology. (Fukuyama,