Gemstones By Lee Groat Summary

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Spencer Silver Dr. Hallie J. Sims EES:1030AAA 4 April 2016 Analysis of “Gemstones” According to Lee A. Groat, the name “gemstone” was first coined by the jeweler Tiffany & Co. in 1969. In America, jewelry is an extensively purchased product. Americans buy jewelry for birthdays, weddings, religious ceremonies, graduations, and even sporting events such as the Super Bowl. However, the jewels contained in numerous pieces of jewelry are highly valuable due to their rarity. The article, “Gemstones” by the author, Lee A. Groat, explores why gems are so rare and why the gems are important to scientists particularly. The article’s paragraphs are organized according to the gem. Gems are rare and this rarity increases their value. Gems are scarce …show more content…

In order to create emerald, one needs beryllium and, chromium or vanadium. However, Groat points out that beryllium is mainly found in rocks that form within the continents while chromium and vanadium form in volcanic rocks linked with mid-ocean ridges. This shows how rare emeralds are because of the uncommon geological and geochemical conditions that emerald forms under. Groat goes on to explain that other geological events involving tectonic plates are also involved in the deposits of emerald. Goat describes a theory that has often been critiqued by other researchers, the regional-metamorphic origin. Critical researchers argue that the classic pegmatite model could still apply to this origin, meaning that it would not stand alone. Next, Groat defines, “other beryls.” These beryls would include aquamarine, heliodor, and others. The most important piece found in the section of beryls is related to the mobilization of beryllium. Red beryl is supposedly derived from rhyolite. The mobilization of beryllium is caused by fluorine-rich gases from cooling rhyolite mixing with vapor from heated groundwater. The vapor and fluorine-rich gases form a supercritical fluid. The temperature and threshold proved to be unique because the fluid could seep through solids, similar to a gas. However, it could also dissolve materials as if it were a