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Parent's Gender Spectrum

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Parents’ Perception on Gender Spectrum. In a society that is negatively rich with gender stereotypes and biases, children regularly resort in adopting gender roles which are not always fair to both sexes. Children who are exposed to both internal and external factors shapes their attitudes and behaviors towards traditional gender roles as they move through stages of adolescence and ultimately in adulthood. Witt (1997) argued that these attitudes and behaviors are learned at firstly at home which are then heightened by the child 's peers, school experience, and television viewing and other external factors after social bonds are formed outside a family setting. However, it is primarily the family setting that stongly influences the child’s …show more content…

The parent-child relationship has effects on development that lasts well until they turn into adults. Because of these long-lasting effects, argues Miller and Lane, et al., in 1993, the parent-child relationship is one of the most important and should be premiumed developmental factors for the child’s gender social standpoint. Parental attitudes towards their children have a strong impact on the child 's developing sense of self and self-esteem, with parental warmth and support being prime factors for the child (Richards, Gitelson, Petersen, & Hartig, 1991). Often, parents give subtle messages regarding gender and what are the only acceptable things attributed for each gender, which, according to Arliss (1991), these are messages that are easily absorbed by a developing child. Sex role stereotypes are well established in early childhood. Messages about what is appropriate based on gender are so strong that even when you expose children to different attitudes and experiences, they will return to their old stereotyped choices (Haslett, Geis, & Carter, …show more content…

These costs include limiting opportunities for both boys and girls, ignoring talent, and unfairness that is perpetuated in our society as Beal (1994) states. Parents who espouse an egalitarian attitude regarding gender roles are more likely to foster this kind of attitude in their children. Androgynous individuals have been found to have higher self-confidence (Lundy & Rosenberg, 1987; Shaw, 1983, Heilbrun, 1981), higher levels of identity achievement and self-worth(Orlofsky, 1977), and more flexibility in dating and love relationships (DeLucia, 1987). Children whose parents have very strong egalitarian values tend to be more knowledgeable about nonsex-typed objects and occupations than other children (Weisner & Wilson-Mitchell, 1990). Children whose mothers work outside the home, meaning that the parent-child interaction is limited, are not as traditional in sex role orientation and gender typing as children whose mothers stay at home with focused parent-child interaction (Weinraub, Jaeger, & Hoffman, 1988). In fact, according to the study by Davies and Banks (1992), preschool children whose mothers work outside the home experience the world with a sense that everyone in the family gets to become a member of the outside

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It is well-known in modern culture that children begin developing gender identities from a very young age. As soon as children are able to comprehend media and the actions of those around them, they are bombarded with examples of gender roles. In fact, they are presented with these examples even before they can comprehend them. Parents may begin reading children books right from birth. The gender roles that are often present in these picture books aimed at young children become ingrained in the minds of the children, kickstarting the development of gender identity.

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In this hypersensitive world today, kids who have different gender behaviors are exposed to being bullied and scorned for how they act and dress at a young age that can ultimately alter their lives. This is the reason parents are trying to find ways to support their kids in order to protect them from the harsh people in societies who refuse to accept these changing norms.

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Boys are told to not be a girl, that they cannot wear pink, and cannot play with Barbie’s. If a boy acts outside of this stereotype he is considered a homosexual. Stereotypes and traditional roles need to be squashed. Restricting a child to one set of behaviors can psychologically damage them. Maria do Mar Pereira, a sociological researcher, found in a study that “constant effort to manage one’s everyday life in line with gender norms produces significant anxiety, insecurity, stress and low self-esteem for both boys and girls, and both for ‘popular’ young people and those who have lower status in school” (Forcing

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The definition of morality is principles concerning the distinction between right and wrong or good and bad behaviour. Young children do not have normally have a belief system and take their position from their parents/carers. Children learn what is right and wrong from the carers around them and the reactions they get from their parents/carers towards their actions. For example, a child how breaks their toys will be told off by their parent and will know that their actions were wrong.

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The documentary “The Pinks and the Blues” and the podcast “Can a Child be Raised Free of Gender Stereotypes” discuss the unconscious gender stereotypes and assumptions that our culture places upon children. Children are enculturated with ideas about who they should be, how they should think and behave, and this enculturation has distinct effects upon the child psychology and way of living in the world. The viewer is left with the question: Is it possible to raise a child without gender stereotypes? “The Pinks and the Blues” states that gendered treatment of children begins within 24 hours of the child’s birth. Descriptors for male infants and female infants were different, with boys being labeled as big, strong, and alert while girls were labeled as being delicate, petite, and inattentive.

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These studies suggest that children observe gender stereotypes at an early age unintentionally. Since children’s brains are constantly soaking in new information about the world around them, they have to do so in a way that they are seemingly most comfortable. Studies show that children are most comfortable learning from people who are actively in their lives and attractive movie and TV

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Unlike ‘sex’, which typically refers to the biological and physiological differences, gender is a sociological concept that describes the social and cultural constructions that is associated with one’s sex (Giddens & Sutton, 2013, p. 623-667). The constructed (or invented) characteristics that defines gender is an ongoing process that varies between societies and culture and it can change over time. For example, features that are overly masculine in one culture can be seen as feminine in another; however, the relation between the two should not be seen as static. Gender socialization is thought to be a major explanation for gender differences, where children adhere to traditional gender roles from different agencies of socialization. Gender

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Children and young adults are identifying with gender roles at a young age due to mass media. Children develop within a society that is gender-specific when it comes to social and behavioral norms. These come from the family’s structure, how they play with others and by themselves, and school. Girls were expected to be more passive while boys were to be more aggressive and expressive with masculine behaviors. “Before the age of three, children can differentiate toys typically used by boys or girls and begin to play with children of their own gender in activities identified with that gender.

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Gender roles, also known as gender stereotypes, are social and cultural norms on how females and males should conduct themselves within a society. Every culture has certain roles both genders are expected to follow. An example of this in traditional American culture is a man becoming a doctor while a female becomes a nurse or men being the hard workers and women being stay at home mothers. Gender development researchers, similar to other developmental researchers, focus on questions of change over time in gender related subjects (Ruble and Martin 1988). Research suggest that children are socialized to understand gender stereotypes at an early age.

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Introduction Parents play an important role in guiding the development of their child in the early years, before the influence of teachers and peers comes into play (Diem-Wille, 2014). This influence that parents have on their children would naturally affect the child’s perception of gender roles and stereotypes. Following the approach of the Gender-Schema Theory, the child learns about gender in his or her society by observing behaviours of the people around him or her and then classifying the information as characteristic of different genders (Bem, 1983). The family environment and experience would therefore be central to helping the child construct schemas about gender roles since parents’ actions and attitudes are part of the information that the child receives from the environment that is integrated into the schema (McHale, Crouter, & Whiteman, 2003).

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After baby enters the world, individuals are overwhelming with symbols and languages which build the concept of gender roles and gender stereotypes. Language fitted to girls by family might involve affection, expressivity, delicateness or frangible, on the other hand, language appropriated to descried boys by family is usually focused on physical characteristics and cultivated traits such as strength and agility. In additions, fathers play a major role of instilling their children with the strongest pressure for gender specific behavior (Long, 2011). They give rewards and positive feedback for gender behavior to daughter but punish sons for gender inappropriate behavior and given more on negative

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Gender Stereotyping suppresses an individual to believe that they are not perfect and will not be accepted by society unless they follow the societal norms. The most shocking part about gender stereotyping in children, is that adults instill it in them without even realizing they do. Consider a person’s life for example. From the moment he/she born, that one word defines most if not all of their life choices starting with the clothes they wear to the decorations in their room to the toys they play with. “Children develop gender-typed patterns of behavior and preferences as early as age 15 to 36 months” states a psychological viewpoint on gender stereotyping in children.

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culturally prescribed behaviour for females and males in different countries around the world (Klein 2004). On the social roles view, women have less power and status than men and have control over fewer resources. The social cognitive theory of gender emphasizes that adolescents’ gender development is influenced by their observation and imitation of others gender behaviour, as well as by reward and punishments of gender-appropriate and gender inappropriate behaviour. Parents and siblings influence adolescents’ gender roles. Peers are especially adept at rewarding gender appropriate academic behaviour.

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Although some people believe that nature affects the gender identity, others argue that, based on the education an individual receives, it is actually nurture. For example, John Moore, a teacher at a female-only school, says, “My findings suggest that, in some senses, the single-sex school is strongly feminist” (Moore, 2005). On the other hand, many societies teach the children gender stereotypes to try and limit them from becoming against what the society feels is appropriate. Gender roles or stereotypes are “a set of qualities, behaviors, and attitudes that are considered appropriate for males and females based on their biological sex” (Whalen & Maurer-Starks, 2008). Most of the time, these stereotypes are taught and explained to the children in the early stages of learning, since as mentioned above, gender identity is most likely detected after the child is two years old.

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Everyday interactions establish these baselines through simple notions such as pink is a girl 's color to more complex ideas that women are to be seen as the prey of men, who are the predators. The human fascination with gender is forced onto children before birth: the first question most people will ask when they talk to a pregnant woman is “what is the gender?” and then more complex and meaningful questions will follow, but gender is the driver. Pre-teen/teenage girls are forced into the mold that they are to be the peak of girliness; they are to develop early (but not too early), and they are not to engage in unladylike activities. These gender norms and gender roles deeply shape the projected selves: women will alter themselves, their behavior, and their ideals because of these ideas.

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