'"Mutations can occur when genes are exposed to heat, chemicals, or radiation" This is not an exhaustive list of causes of mutation. Errors in DNA copying and chromosomal crossing-over are more significant causes.’ (Adam C, 2007).
Due to the cases of terrifying diseases, a general concept that mutation is unpleasant was instilled into most people’s mind. However, mutation is a crucial contributor to the evolution of species (natural selection and adaptation). Genetic mutations can also be essential for living organisms to survive due to the protection they provide.
Melanin is considered to be capable of protecting and filtering exposed skin against harm caused by UVR (ultraviolet radiation), the major cause that leads to skin cancer. It is a pigment that varies between brown and black, usually occurs in the hair, skin and iris of a living organism when historically exposed to the sun. It also is responsible of determining the skin colour/tanning due to skin exposure under sunlight. ‘Yet, just like mutation, there are dreadful properties of Melanin.’ (Korytowski W, 2003 Jan)
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"What this tells us is that melanin is not only good for you, it also can be bad. It depends on the color of your particular melanin."’ (Yale, 2004 Oct)
As evidenced in researches from the scientists, through a series of reaction from both the Melanin and the DNA, there’s a high possibility of ROS (reactive oxygen species) being produced after the exposure in UVA, potentially causing skin