In document 6, William Hinton, a American member of Chinese Communist land reform task force, said that Chinese peasants demanded to repay their properties, such as money and land to landowners. The communist party gave social equality to women in the Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China in document 7. The communist party intensely changed patriarchal society into equal right society, so the sense of social equality is shown by this the new policy. However, the law aimed to give gender equality to women, but it is a question that real situation in China treated women equally because it is difficult to state that social awareness of Chinese peasants allow women as equal human beings due to Confucian influences. According to document 8, the communist party did promoted policies that pursue social equality between landowners and peasants by Agrarian Reform Law of the People’s Republic of China in 1950.
LaPlante’s overture is based on Daniel Emmett’s “De Boatmen’s Dance,” a ninetieth century minstrel song that celebrates the boatmen of the Ohio River. Emmett, an Ohio native, is also credited with writing thirty minstrel tunes, including Old Dan Tucker and Dixie. Minstrel songs, the first American-born music genre, signaled the start of a prolonged tradition of African-American music being appropriated for mainstream audiences. Touring minstrel shows, which afforded audiences in various regions of the country exposure to the same music, propelled the development of American popular music in the nineteenth century (Cox, 2011). Although minstrel shows were advertised as authentic versions of African-American music, white northerners composed
As a result of the Market Revolution and Second Great Awakening, they gained a new sense of independence in both society and family as they took up a separate realm at home. The status of women and their roles in society has started to be viewed differently. Women used to always be at the home to cook, clean, and teach the family. They move from their father 's
As seen in Greenhalgh’s and Winckler’s book, the one-child policy resulted in many single daughters, who received all the attention from their parents and while it may have been a blessing to some, many of the “hottest and best paying jobs… are open exclusively to young women with good looks and sex appeal,” (Doc D). This statement portrays that women are thought of as objects, with prospective employers only looking at their physical appearance, not caring for their education of inner self. However, this also portrays the gender inequality exhibited by China, and shows that women in China only receive jobs because of how they look. This compares to Fitzpatrick’s article, as the practice of female infanticide, killing female infants, also became common practice in some area’s after the one-child policy was put into use (Doc E). It had long been known in China, that boys were more valuable than girls, and this practice further goes to show the chasm, between boys and girls in Chinese society.
The patriarchal mindset in China for thousands of years has remained and intensified in the Tang and Song eras. In all social classes, the household was run by a patriarch and the role was passed on to the eldest son. The burden of providing for the family and making all the decisions remained in the hands of men whereas women had the burden of becoming a homemaker and mother, and particularly the bearer of sons to continue to the patrilineal family line. Such gender roles were reinforced by neo-Confucian ideals which promoted the male hierarchy. Specifically, upper-class women had freedom to pursue different activities and even professions beyond homemaking.
Throughout Chinese history before the Tang and Song dynasties, the daily lives of women and issues from their perspective have not been adequately recorded, due to a male dominated society. However, from the Tang to the Song dynasty, visual and material sources appear which further explains the status of women in society, cultural values, but most importantly, examples of acts of courage, selflessness, and strength. The discussion of women starting with the Tang dynasty is especially important since this is the start of open-mindedness and liberal ideas resulting in women in politics, a woman as empress, and even freedom of expression through poetry and art. However, once shifting to the Song dynasty, the status of women declined further in
(Mao winning civil war? Command economy, totalitarian society, and Mao cult, How Maoist China actually closed itself off from the world) Economically Mao instituted a program named The Great Leap forward
They came to the conclusion to “Reduce feudal exploitation by the landlords, support civil liberties, political rights, and economic rights of the peasants in order to improve their living condition and enhance their enthusiasm for the Anti-Japanese War” (Doc 5). This would further the popularity of the Communist Party along with bringing equality for peasants. A reaction to this would be the sense of equality that peasants got and they were put in, “a position to challenge the landlords and moneylenders in the countryside,” (Doc 6) in hopes of receiving what they deserve. Along with having an increase in equality for peasants, women were given more rights than they had ever had before. The Marriage Law of 1950 in China gave women the opportunity for a relatively easy divorce, ended concubines and child marriages, gave widows permission to remarry, equal property rights for men and women, and, “was based on the free choice of partners, on monogamy, on equal rights for both sexes, and on the protection of the lawful interests of women and children” (Doc 7).
Imagine your are an elderly couple and has a son/daughter that passed away due to illness,or in a disaster and with the One child policy what would you do? Well the One Child Policy was made to prevent more increase in population the policy was made in 1970 by the chinese governors to help balance the population. The One Child Policy was a bad idea for China for these three reasons Challenge for women,Neglection of the elder,and The policy was just not necessary. One reason that one child policy was a bad idea because it was challenging for women.[Anthropologist Vanessa] Fang argues that this generation of urban singleton girls have been empowered to challenge some of the gender norms that have been long dominated by the chinese life [Document D].Nonetheless an,April [2009] study published in British Medical Journal found china still has 32 million more boys than girls under the age 20.[Document E].
According to document 1, it states,’’...opened China to the west and expanded China’s economy. China’s economy grew at an average annual rate of 11% to 15% per year, thereby creating the industrial infrastructure that laid the basis for the economic transformation…” this document shows that Mao improved the economy and industrialization that ameliorated the financial system of the country. Also, this document is saying that Mao Zedong freed Chinese people from social values, institutions, and transcendent ideals of traditional and old Chinese society and gave women equal status in Chinese society. In addition,
One of the most momentous reform movements that our country has experienced has been the Women's Rights Movement. This movement has had influential effects on the economic, social, educational, and political aspects of women's lives. If the pivotal reform of women's rights had not occurred, then our world and lives today could look a lot different. The Women's Rights Movement started gaining momentum in 1848 at the Seneca Falls Convention in Seneca Falls, New York with the “Declaration of Sentiments''. This document stated that all men and women are created equal and women should have equal rights to vote, own property, and seek employment.
In the book Wild Swans: Three Daughters of China by Jung Chang, the author talks about the stories of her grandmother and mother as well as herself during their journeys as women in China. The book discusses how gender roles, political ideology, and economic ideology in China change over time. During the entirety of Chinese history, many changes and continuities transpired and had crucial impacts on China. However, a great amount of change occurred during the time period from the 1900s to present day. These changes and continuities incorporate happenings in areas concerning the treatment of women, political structure, and economic capacity.
Successful in her mission to educate and spread awareness in Beijing and all across the world, Clinton’s speech led to “Beijing [legitimizing women’s rights] and [galvanizing] media attention to the issue” (Worden 35) which ultimately “energized the feminist movement and connected it more to the global human rights movement as well as the United Nations and governments” (Worden 36). In Clinton’s speech, she did not strive to make women feel sorry for themselves, but to show that women can overcome the hardships they face and the level of potential change has if women take initiative. Though progress has been made, the steps ahead add up to more than a mile. A survey taken from Penn. Schoen.
Women in the Song Dynasty This part will evoke women’s life and rights in the Northern Song Dynasty. The Song Dynasty is often seen as the start of the decline of women status in the Chinese society: a revival of Confucianism led women political role to be reduced, as well as their public appearance compared to Tang Dynasty. The practice of foot binding also started in the Song Dynasty. However, women also enjoyed new and reinforced property rights, and social mobility and political influence were not completely impossible to achieve. Indeed, there are several examples of some lower class women managing to get considerable power by providing pleasure to the higher spheres of the Imperial Court.
Chinese women suffer from the unfair notion for thousands of years. The basic requirements of being virtuous women are “Three Obediences and Four Virtues (三从四德)”. The “Three Obediences” were “obey your father before marriage (未嫁从父); obey your husband when married (既嫁从夫); and obey your sons in widowhood (夫死从子)”. And the “Four Virtues” were “Female virtues (妇德)”, “Female words (妇言)”, “Female appearances (妇容)” and “Female work (妇功)”. (Sun, 2015).
