The poorly sorted nature of the conglomerates, considered with the inclusion of wood fragments in the older conglomerate members and the graded sandstones and mudstones throughout the formation suggest deposition occurred through successions of debris flows. Presence of volcanics in the lithic fragments further indicate volcanic activity in the process of sedimentation as well—as debris flows associated with lahars are the likely source of the slope failures. Deposition environment was moderate to deep marine, as mudstone deposits require low energy depositional environment, but the style of sedimentation indicate deposition was not on a continental shelf. This is further supported by inclusion of the large overturned clast from an older member within the formation. Cross-bedding, graded bedding, and scouring surfaces provide 3 lines of evidence establishing the northern contact of the formation as the original upward oriented surface.
Hematite, quartz, and clay are the mineral in rocks. It was deposited in beach from environment. The event recorded here is a transgression of sea level (intercontinental seaway). Benton Shale Formation was our next stop. Its 90 million years old.
Since the location was near to the Maribyrnong River, the procedure must be further stimulated by the existence of the river in the ecosystem, and this is happening from the further upstream. As for the downstream, it carried by the sediment that deposited at the riverbanks of the Maribyrnong River. Weathering and erosion of the primary rock in the early stage were leading to the deposition of sediment, and the younger sediment progressively replaced the older sediment which along the riverbank (Figure 2.3). Further away from the Maribyrnong river a little bit where the river flow was gradually rapid, some Marine deposits from the Ordovician Period was found such as mudstone, interbedded shale and greywacke, which may
Rocks are heated underneath the crust then pushed out through a volcano or the oceanic plate. The rock substance that becomes the crust will deposit back underneath the crust. All of the process can be credited to the dynamic nature of Earth.
If the granite was as old or older than the metamorphic rocks, then it would have been metamorphosed with them. The interbedding between the granite and schist further corroborates this hypothesis, because that tells us that as the molten layer of granite pushed its way through the schist, part of the schist was melted into the granite. The gneiss present at the fault was probably a product of local metamorphism and then through time was pushed into the layers of schist. This means that the schist is the oldest layer present at outcrop one, followed by the gneiss, and finally by the
Science DBQ The rock cycle is important to scientists in many ways. It shows the top three rocks and shows how they form. Geography is the study of rocks and minerals (Doc 1.) .Physical geology is the study of how rocks form into other rocks and the composition of rocks and landforms (OI), so physical geology scientists probably use the rock cycle everyday in their work.
Pierre shale is a formation of marine origin from the Cretaceous period that resulted from the Western Interior Seaway. The formation stretches from New Mexico to North Dakota, is up to 700 feet thick and rests on top of the Niobrara formation. The Niobrara Formation is a geological formation that appeared around 87-82 Mya during the Cretaceous, also a result of the Western Interior Seaway. It is composed of two layers: a chalk and limestone layer. The chalk was formed due to calcium carbonate left behind by decomposed shells of microscopic algae that populated the Seaway.
We walked along the beach a little more and talked and looked at the location of a whale skull that used to be buried in the sand. The rock was actually much smoother than . We also took a look at some possible bones and skeletal remains along with concretions. The concretions were rather large comparable to smart car in size. Concretions are solid masses formed around some type of matter that will change the chemistry of the rock slightly, helping it become harder and less susceptible to erosion.
The water that was created from the glaciers melting carried out a great deal of the leftover debris, which was sorted into different sizes such as gravel or pebbles, sand, silt or clay. All of the leftovers started to form in layers or beds in river ways, ponds, and in lakes to form what the geologist call glacio-lacustrine formations. Glacio-lacustrine formations is just a scientific phrase for a glacier melted and the materials that had been inside the glacier deposit into the lakes and rivers created by the melted
When a wave moves over the sand on the bottom of the ocean the sand it picks up will settle in a different location building up. This process is also helped by the pull of rip currents and backwash. A barrier beach is simply a largely exposed sand bar made and kept by similar forces. Monomoy Island is a perfect example of a barrier beach. A barrier beach is made of primarily sand and is in constant flux.
In the last ice age (1200 BC), Long Island was formed by two spines of glaciers that contain soil and rock. The north shore of Long Island was formed where the glaciers receded and left behind the remaining debris. Due to this the north shore beaches of Long Island are rockier compared to the south
On the other hand, the Mint Canyon Formation along Aqua Dulce Road consists of sedimentary rock that is mostly sandstone and conglomerate. On this stop we learned about the sediments that formed the rock and their deposition from a river 12 million year ago. Our two last stops covered material on faults and rocks. The Vasquez Rocks were said to be form from the San Andrea Fault, and the Vista Point of the San Andreas Fault also covered material on the
The lower parts have been submerged and desiccated, shown by the layers of travertine, strand formations, and beaches (9). Scientists can infer that the basin was once filled with seawater due to the discovery of fossilized marine shells, corals, and oysters in the rock (9). The fossils are now above tide-level showing a change in elevation of the region (9). Dr. Stephen Bowers, who studies the region, writes, "The water of the old Tertiary Sea, which once prevailed here, must have been extremely favorable to the propagation and growth of mollusks, especially oysters”. There is also evidence of volcanic activity around the area in the form of craters stemming from Pinacate, an extinct volcano (9).
Everyone deserves the same rights. No person should be treated differently . It doesn’t matter how much a person goes to church, or if they know their commandments. It should be based upon what they are accused of and not who they are as a person. In Salem both sides are put to test.
Prior to the scientific revolution, humanity viewed the natural world in a distinct way. Traditional ways of thinking such as catastrophism, which was the conception that natural disasters, like hurricanes, were to blame for the extinction of species, which were then replaced by new species (Lavenda et al. 49). Rapidly these customary notions were challenged by evolutionary scientists and Charles Darwin who both believed and considered ideas about how life on earth got to it is. They had some similar and some profoundly diverse ideas. This paper will compare and contrast Lamarck’s theory of acquired characteristics with Darwin’s theory of evolution through natural selection.
