Tpb Theory

Intension is defined as the internal content of a concept which tends to behaviour. Since psychological factors has vital role in this study, Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) has to be considered for this hypothesis of MSWM. The origin of TPB can be traced back to the theory of reasoned action (TRA) (Fishbein, 1967; Fishbein and Ajzen, 1975). The TPB is based on the assumption that most human behaviour is the result of an individual’s intention to undertake a particular behaviour and the ability of an individual to make a conscious decision about it (Maria Ham et al., 2015) which means the behaviour of person change according to behavioural intentions, which are primarily affected by attitudes toward act and subjective norms. An extension

To obtain a direct measure of subjective norms, one should formulate several different questions (see Ajzen, 2002 for details). As Ajzen (2002) explains, those questions have an injunctive quality with the concept of subject norm, but responses may be low variability due to others views. Therefore, Ajzen (2002) further suggests that the measure of subjective norms should be designed in the combination of descriptive norms (sometimes called as group or behavioural norms) and social norms to check the same behaviour is performed by others. Rivis and Sheeran (2003) distinguish descriptive norms and social norms as separate motivational factors as descriptive norms refer to perceptions of significant other’s own attitudes and behaviour in the domain and social norms relates to opinion of significant others. Hence they conclude that both are comprised within subjective norms, a part of the theory of planned behaviour. A high degree of internal consistency of social and descriptive questions in measuring subjective norms is welcome (Ajzen, 2002). Some previous studies have shown medium to strong correlations between descriptive norms and intentions (Rivis & Sheeran, 2003), and some found this relationship to be weak or even insignificant (Stanton et al.,