Importance Of Diplomacy As A Foreign Policy Instrument
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In the context of foreign policy, diplomacy refers to the practise of negotiation as an appropriate policy instrument in association with other instruments such as economic or military force to facilitate an international actor to accomplish its policy objectives. As early 2,500 BC, the first diplomatic document was found in 1970. It was sent from a kingdom called Ebla near the Mediterranean coast, also known as the Middle East to the kingdom of Hamazi which is now located at Northern Iran. The document was sent by a messenger who made the journey of delivering almost to 2,000 kilometres. This type of diplomacy is known as the traditional diplomacy which has evolved over a long historical period. Essentially the traditional diplomacy can be characterised by its agenda and the negotiation process was undertaken in secrecy.
The rising number of wars and the evolvement of nation-states have proven that the world need a new form of diplomacy concerning on the factor that the former does not have the ability to prevent wars to occur. Historically, the new form of diplomacy was breed after the First World War, emerged from two main ideas which are; (1) diplomacy should be more open to public scrutiny and control. Having said that, the new diplomacy should involve the community in the decision making process and; (2) establishing an international organisation that would act both as an international forum for peaceful settlement of
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Within the Paris Peace conference, delegates participated in negotiation and discussion through an African gathering practice, Indaba, to achieve consensus and encourage the sharing of nation’s concerns, aims and ideas. Within indaba every leaders get an equal chance to state their claims and agenda. This posed an effective inclusive method of communication and equal sharing of ideas by all nations present at the summit, to ensure all nations’ wants were being heard, in strive to work towards a consensus. Alongside the large conference, bi‐lateral meetings were held by attending countries to to deepen relations and alliances to promote cooperation practically and effectively to work towards future development and achievement of global goals as unions rather than individual forces. Thus the Paris Peace Conference was successful through it`s methods of negotiation and compromise as well as the establishment of several bi‐lateral relationships and alliances to further work towards the success of such global goal.
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1. Analyze the success and failures of the following types of diplomacy: Big Stick, Dollar and Moral Diplomacy. The end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century was known as the Progressive Era in the United States. Inside the country, social and economic reforms would come to define the period, but outside the country, America’s economic and military powers were being used in diplomatic negotiations to expand the country’s influence.
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”(Wikipedia Wikimedia Foundation)Which is to offer support supplies of needed resources and materials for the United States. The authority of diplomacy not only help FDR expand his power in the United States, but also all around the
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Communications and diplomacy is essential to the success of two societies that come to interact, especially when the peoples are so different as the Pamunkeys and the English colonies of Jamestown were. When societies share knowledge, resources, and goodwill, they build not only a better present but also a stable future. However, when they try to take advantage of each other by force, they bring instability to their people and those around them. A poignant lesson of this is seen in the interactions between the English and the Pamunkey people in the early 17th century.
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Harry S. Truman was the 33rd president of the United States, being in office from 1945 to 1953. Truman demonstrates uses of both expressed and inherent powers throughout his presidency. During the years of his first administration, Truman attended the Potsdam Conference alongside Churchill and Stalin to discuss post-war matters regarding the decision to split up Germany. Throughout this time period of war filled with tension among nations, Truman approved the dropping of atomic bombs on Japan in efforts to end the war in the Pacific and prevent any possible future casualties that Japan may inflict on the United States. The first atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima on August 6, and the second was dropped on Nagasaki on August 9.
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September 17th, 1978 “The treaty was signed by Egyptian President Anwar El Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin…”The negotiations were done in secret at Camp David, and were led by U.S. President Jimmy Carter.” In 1978 on September 17th, the U.S. arranged the negotiation to take place where the leaders of the countries could not be harmed by bias people. This shows how the influence of a country intervening in a situation can bring out a positive outcome. This is present in source E too. 1853, the U.S. sent U.S. Navy’s Commodore Perry with a letter from U.S. President Millard Fillmore.
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I think the most important role of the president is Chief of Diplomat. It comes with many different responsibilities. The president has to decide what American Diplomats and Ambassadors shall say for foreign governments. With the help of advisors, the president makes the foreign policy of the United States. The appointment power of the President allows him or her to appoint and receive ambassadors around the world.
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Clear concise policy guidelines on the use of military force need to formulated. Our national interests will clash with the national interests of other countries or groups; we must be committed to following through with defending our policies, or we further loose our national
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The first great-war shattered the human mind so profound that out of its aftermaths’ emerged a fresh discipline (in 1919 at the University of Whales known to us as International Relations) proposed to prevent war. “It was deemed by the scholars that the study of International Politics shall find the root cause of the worlds political problems and put forward solutions to help politicians solve them” (Baylis 2014:03). International Relations happened to play the role of a ‘correcting-mechanism’ restoring the world order of peace and amity by efforting at its best to maintain the worlds’ status quo. However with the emergence of a second world war much more massive that the first put at stake all the values of that young discipline of IR. The
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The use of power based negotiation can foster mistrust and anger. The parties view each other as adversaries, and can withhold information that may hinder the negotiation. One of the major downsize of power based negotiations is that the parties may lose sight of the real issue. Personal Application As a
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Conflict resolution as a field of study as indicated has formed hypothetical bits of knowledge into the nature and source of conflict and how conflicts can be resolved through peaceful systems to effectuate a dependable settlement. Morton Deutsch, was the first to form and understanding into the helpful results of collaboration as a scholastic enquiry. In his view, various variables like the way of the debate and the objectives every group in a conflict goes for are crucial in deciding the sort of introduction a group would convey to the negotiation table in its endeavor to unravel the conflict (Morton Deucth, 1985, p.24). To him, two essential orientations do exist. These are competitive and cooperative.
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As described earlier in the introduction part, I have recalled different courses of negotiation in my life from which I have tried to figure out my weaknesses and strengths. Before the negotiation course, I could only realize some of my capacity and limits, for example I might be good at emotional control and bad at active listening. I believed they were not all the weaknesses and strengths that I should realize. In addition, I found it hard to hone my strengths and improve my weaknesses because (i) I did not see negotiation in systematic viewpoint (ii) I have not had enough negotiation experiences. Thankfully, this course has shed the new light on the wide scope of negotiations and how they should be conducted.
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The authorized intervention was granted by UN Security Council. Chapter VII of the Charter also provides one clear exception to the non-intervention principle by granting powers to the Security Council to determine the existence of any threat to the peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggression and shall make recommendations, to maintain or restore international peace and security. The necessity of multilateral cooperation in dealing with international peace and security was widely accepted and the use of multilateral intervention became one of the mechanisms employed by the international community in dealing with crisis. The UN R2P:
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The post-world war era created an atmosphere of caution regarding individual states in an international system dominated by realist rationale. Thus, based on functionalist principles it was believed that a United Europe was a more acceptable and viable alternative. It was believed that the international system would be more functional with organizations directed at collectively addressing functional needs rather than the realist orientation of each State for itself. This, however, did not materialize until the formation of the European Union (EU) in 1958 and arose out of the functionalist school of thought.
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