A recent trend in the United States Justice System, at local and state levels, is to implement the use of formulas and algorithms to determine sentencing length. In her article “Sentencing, by the Numbers”, University of Michigan law professor Sonja Starr focuses on this trend, and shows flaws that she finds in the system. In the article, she agrees with the actions of Attorney General Eric Holder in criticizing the system for the way in which it determines the risk of future crimes. Throughout, Starr presents the system as something that will, instead of solving mass incarceration, make the problem worse for impoverished persons and minorities. Starr argues that the system discriminates against those with a socioeconomic disadvantage, has
The Jaycee Lee Dugard case contributed to the overhaul of assessment of risks, needs, and management of offenders within California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation program. Specifically, the role, importance, and connection to risk and needs assessment of offenders in community based correction (Bayens, pg. 91). Phillip Garrido was charged with kidnapped and sexual assault of Jaycee Dugard over 18 years span (1991-2009). The aggravating details arise from the incident is that Garrido was under parole supervision as a sex offender since 1999. During those years, Garrido was hardly supervised due to improper classification as low-risk sex offender and failure of background research.
What other kinds of assessment measures will yield valuable information about his students? (This will depend on the “grade” you choose for Adrian.) a. If Adrian is teaching second grade, he could examine the students AR test scores, and then he will be able to look at how the students score on their AR tests. This will lead to him testing his student’s fluency.
The United States incarcerates more people than any country in the world, largely due to the war on drugs. Approximately 2.2 million Americans are incarcerated, which is more than any industrialized country in the world. The article “Why Incarceration Matters: Rethinking Crisis, Decline, and Transformation in Postwar” focuses on the criminalization of “urban space” and the imposed measures of lengthy prison terms for minor petty crimes. The author Thompson discusses the origins of the urban crisis beginning with the inception of Lyndon’s Law Enforcement Administration Act of 1964, which also influenced the mass incarceration policies during Reagan’s Presidency. The article continues to elaborate on the decline of the labor movement and how
Abstract: This paper provides an introduction to the social impact of the collateral consequences (the families left behind) of mass incarceration. The reading will include thoughts from sociological perspectives and empirical studies that focus on the consequences incarceration and re-entry have on the striving family left behind. Partners and families of felons suffer from the system in place that punishes, rather than “corrects,” criminal behavior. Collateral Consequences Patience Kabwasa Prof. Laura Howe Soc 231-C21 May 1, 2014 Collateral Consequences
The Mighty Clash of Free Will and Fate in the Odyssey The debate of free will and fate has come up in many great literary works like in ancient epics such as Gilgamesh, the Iliad, and the Odyssey, written circa eighth century. Free will and fate both play a large role in these epic poems. Man faces the challenges of predetermined fate set by the gods and goddesses of Greek mythology in every Greek epic, while juggling their own free will. In the Odyssey by Homer, readers see these elements throughout the epic through the epic hero of Odysseus.
Beside restorative justice, mass incarceration acts as another solution to decrease the amount of crime, yet it should be limited. There has been a longstanding debate over the effectiveness of correctional institutions. Some argue that incarceration deters offenders while others argue that the experience of being incarcerated causes individuals to continue in their life of crime. According to Bruce Western, a professor of sociology and director of the Malcolm Wiener Center, the drastically increase amount of incarceration resulted from problems such as harming prisoners, families, and social groups. He indicates, “Black are seven times more likely to be incarcerated than whites, and large racial disparities can be seen for all age groups and
War on drugs, a campaign for the prohibition of drugs using military aid and military intervention gave birth to mass incarceration. Unfortunately, the consequences of this campaign targeted minorities and people of color, who are in disadvantage. Mass incarceration promotes devastating effects in society, such as racial inequality and poverty. Michelle Alexander, a civil rights litigator and legal scholar is the author of “The New Jim Crow” Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness. This book purposed to educate people about of mass incarceration that originated due to the war on the drug's movement, as well as to point out the racist system.
Slavery, Jim Crow, the ghetto, and the carceral apparatus are all structural institutions that share a mutual beneficial relationship where each has supplemented and historically progressed into more advanced subtle forms of oppression and racism. Past and current regimes served as social functions with the objective of encompassing African Americans in a permanent subordinate position. In each generation, newer developments of a racial caste emerge with the same objective of repudiating African Americans citizenship. The only thing that has changed since Jim Crow is the language we use to justify racial exclusion (Alexander, 2). These four regimes are genealogically linked because they all advanced and developed from one another.
Deliver a Speech on Incarceration 1 What percentage of U.S. adults are currently incarcerated? What is their demographic make-up (age, sex, race, class)? A percentage of 0.5% of the United States population is incarcerated.
Bernie Sanders, a prominent social justice defender and U.S. presidential candidate, tweeted “Mass incarceration harms our society, pulls families apart. #JusticeNot4Sale Act will begin to turn that around,” introducing his initiative to rehabilitate America’s criminal justice system and reduce the nation’s prison population. In an interview with NBC, Sanders discussed the overwhelming disparity in the African American prison population relative to other ethnic groups. According to the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, African Americans make up 13% of the United States population, and account for 60% of those in prisons. One in every 15 African American men are incarcerated, compared to every one and 106 white men.
How Sentencing Affects the State and Federal Prison Systems The United States
In contrast, stricter policy reforms were implemented into the courts due to the reflective increase in use of illegal substance among offenders. Moreover, the increase in violence and drugs among offenders enhanced stricter policy reforms, for more than 78.7% percent of offenders have used illegal drugs, which is three-fourth’s of the incarcerated population. Also, 62.2% percent of convicted drug offenders meet the diagnostic criteria of drug abuse or dependence that accumulates to be two-thirds of the populations, while 64.3% percent of offenders used an illegal substance regularly. In addition, convicted offenders have a high rate of 56.7% percent in committing recidivism, for Mark Harmon author of "Fixed ' Sentencing: The Effect On Imprisonment
Research strongly indicates that transitional housing reduces the recidivism rates of parolees. Housing for many released inmates is very difficult to obtain for a variety of reasons, including prohibitions against people with drug convictions living in federally subsidized public housing. The state department of corrections has decided to rent a multiple-dwelling unit in a low-income area and to allow 200 inmates to live there six months following their release from prison. People in the neighborhood complain that this parole housing unit will increase crime in an already trouble area, will endanger local children, and will place an undue burden on local police and social service. So now the question is do you open the parole transitional
Examining Problems and Their Solutions in The Parole System The United States of America contains the third largest population in the world, which contradicts the fact that the United States has the largest prison population in the world (Aliprandini, and Finley). The fact that their prison population is so large alludes to the reason they would have a strong parole system. Due to contrary belief, this is not the case.
